Weese J S, Holcombe S J, Embertson R M, Kurtz K A, Roessner H A, Jalali M, Wismer S E
Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA.
Equine Vet J. 2015 Nov;47(6):641-9. doi: 10.1111/evj.12361. Epub 2014 Dec 14.
Disruptions in the gastrointestinal microbiota may trigger development of post partum colic.
To determine the effects of the periparturient period on the faecal microbiome and identify associations between the faecal microbiota and post partum colic.
Longitudinal case-control study.
Pre- and post partum faecal samples were collected from mares on 3 farms in central Kentucky. Next generation sequencing of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was performed on samples from 13 mares that developed colic, 13 mares that did not display colic and 5 nonpregnant controls.
There were 4,523,727 sequences from 85 samples evaluated (mean ± s.d. 53,220 ± 29,160, range 8442-122,535). Twenty-five phyla were identified, although only Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia, Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria were present at a relative abundance of 1% or greater. The faecal microbiota of late-term mares differed from nonpregnant mares, with differences in microbial community membership and structure but not the relative abundance of major phyla. There was limited impact of foaling and the post partum period on the faecal microbiome. Faecal samples obtained from mares prior to episodes of colic had significantly higher relative abundance of Proteobacteria (8.2%, P = 0.0006) compared with samples from mares that did not display colic (3.7%). All samples with a relative abundance of Firmicutes of ≤50% preceded colic, as did 6/7 (86%) samples with >4% Proteobacteria. Differences in microbiota membership and structure were also present between mares that developed large colon volvulus and matched controls that did not have colic. Sixty-one indicator operational taxon units were identified for the control (vs. volvulus) samples, and these were dominated by Lachnospiraceae (n = 38) and Ruminococcaceae (n = 8).
Foaling had minimal effects on the mares' faecal microbiota. Numerous differences in the faecal microbiota preceded colic. Associations between Firmicutes (particularly Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae) and Proteobacteria and development of colic could lead to measures to predict and prevent colic. The Summary is available in Chinese - see Supporting information.
胃肠道微生物群的破坏可能引发产后绞痛。
确定围产期对粪便微生物组的影响，并确定粪便微生物群与产后绞痛之间的关联。
纵向病例对照研究。
从肯塔基州中部3个农场的母马采集产前和产后粪便样本。对13匹发生绞痛的母马、13匹未出现绞痛的母马和5匹非妊娠对照的样本进行16S rRNA基因V4区的二代测序。
共评估了85个样本的4,523,727条序列（平均值±标准差为53,220±29,160，范围8442 - 122,535）。鉴定出25个门，不过只有厚壁菌门、疣微菌门、放线菌门和变形菌门的相对丰度达到或超过1%。妊娠晚期母马的粪便微生物群与非妊娠母马不同，微生物群落组成和结构存在差异，但主要门的相对丰度无差异。产驹和产后时期对粪便微生物组的影响有限。与未出现绞痛的母马的样本相比，绞痛发作前从母马获取的粪便样本中变形菌门的相对丰度显著更高（8.2%，P = 0.0006）（3.7%）。所有厚壁菌门相对丰度≤50%的样本都先于绞痛出现，6/7（86%）变形菌门相对丰度>4%的样本也是如此。发生大结肠扭转的母马与其未出现绞痛的匹配对照之间在微生物群组成和结构上也存在差异。为对照（与扭转相比）样本鉴定出61个指示性可操作分类单元，这些单元以毛螺菌科（n = 38）和瘤胃球菌科（n = 8）为主。
产驹对母马粪便微生物群的影响极小。绞痛出现之前粪便微生物群存在诸多差异。厚壁菌门（特别是毛螺菌科和瘤胃球菌科）与变形菌门和绞痛发生之间的关联可能会带来预测和预防绞痛的措施。总结内容有中文版本 - 见补充信息。
