Golzarand Mahdieh, Mirmiran Parvin, Bahadoran Zahra, Alamdari Shahram, Azizi Fereidoun
Researcher, Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center AND Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Nutrition Sciences AND Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
ARYA Atheroscler. 2014 Jul;10(4):203-10.
High intakes of phytochemical-rich foods have beneficial effects on lipid profiles and cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this study, we assessed the association between the dietary phytochemical index (PI) and changes in lipid profile after 3-year follow-up among Iranian adults.
This longitudinal study was conducted in 1983 subjects, aged 19-70 years, selected among participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study in Iran. Dietary data were collected by using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire with 168 food items at baseline. PI was calculated based on daily energy derived from [(phytochemical-rich foods kcal/total daily energy intake kcal) × 100]. Lipid profile was measured at baseline and after 3 years and changes in serum lipid profiles were assessed during 3-year follow-up.
The mean age of participants was 40.4 ± 13.0 years; participants in the highest PI quartile category were more likely to be older. After 3 years of follow-up, total cholesterol was significantly lower in the highest quartile compared with lower quartile of PI in men (181 ± 3 vs. 189 ± 3, P for trend < 0.05). There were significant inverse association between dietary PI and 3 years changes of total cholesterol [β = -5.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) = -9.3, -1.8], triglycerides (β = -13.7, 95% CI = -24.6, -2.8), and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (β = -6.2, 95% CI = -10.8, -1.5), in highest quartile of PI in men. Lipid profiles showed no significant changes over the study period in women.
Higher dietary PI is associated with 3 years improvement of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and non-HDL-C. Higher consumption of phytochemical-rich foods is recommended to prevent CVD.
高摄入富含植物化学物的食物对血脂水平和心血管疾病（CVD）具有有益影响。在本研究中，我们评估了伊朗成年人饮食植物化学物指数（PI）与3年随访后血脂变化之间的关联。
这项纵向研究在1983名年龄在19 - 70岁的受试者中进行，这些受试者是从伊朗德黑兰血脂与血糖研究的参与者中选取的。在基线时，使用经过验证的半定量食物频率问卷收集了168种食物的饮食数据。PI是根据每日能量计算得出的，即[（富含植物化学物的食物千卡数/每日总能量摄入量千卡数）×100]。在基线和3年后测量血脂水平，并在3年随访期间评估血清血脂变化。
参与者的平均年龄为40.4±13.0岁；PI最高四分位数组的参与者年龄更大。经过3年随访，男性中PI最高四分位数组的总胆固醇显著低于PI较低四分位数组（181±3对189±3，趋势P<0.05）。在男性PI最高四分位数组中，饮食PI与总胆固醇3年变化[β=-5.6，95%置信区间（CI）=-9.3，-1.8]、甘油三酯（β=-13.7，95%CI=-24.6，-2.8）和非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）（β=-6.2，95%CI=-10.8，-1.5）之间存在显著负相关。在研究期间，女性的血脂水平无显著变化。
较高的饮食PI与总胆固醇、甘油三酯和非HDL-C的3年改善相关。建议增加富含植物化学物食物的摄入量以预防心血管疾病。
