Montgomery JoLynn P, Zhang Ying, Carlson Bradley, Ewing Sarah, Wang Xiexiu, Boulton Matthew L
From the *Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; †Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2015 Mar;34(3):289-95. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000000562.
The World Health Organization (WHO) targeted China for measles elimination by 2012. Although China made significant progress, transmission continues, warranting examination of China's measles vaccination program. The World Health Organization recommends that children receive at least 2 doses of a measles containing vaccine (MCV) to ensure protection. In Tianjin, China, MCV is given in 3 doses: 8 months [measles vaccine (MV)], 18-24 months [measles-mumps-rubella (MMR)-1] and 5 years MMR-2). MMR-2 is important because of the young age for MV administration. This study describes MCV coverage, assesses administration timeliness and evaluates completion of the MCV series for children living in Tianjin, China.
In July 2012, immunization records were selected from Tianjin's Immunization Information Management System. Records were abstracted for children born from 2004 to 2011, who were aged 8 months or older. Descriptive statistics characterized the study population and assessed timeliness and coverage for each MCV dose.
We examined records of 205,982 children living in Tianjin, China. Among children who were age-appropriate for each vaccine, 98.6% received MV, 97.6% received MMR-1 and 76.9% received MMR-2. Of the children who were old enough to receive MMR-2, 78.8% received the complete series and 71.6% were fully immunized for measles by age 6 years.
Tianjin has high rates of MV and MMR-1 coverage, with lower levels for MMR-2. Most children who completed the series did so on time. Maintaining high coverage and timely administration of MV and MMR-1 and increasing coverage of MMR-2 are necessary for China to attain the goal of national measles elimination.
世界卫生组织（WHO）设定目标，到2012年在中国消除麻疹。尽管中国取得了重大进展，但传播仍在继续，因此有必要对中国的麻疹疫苗接种计划进行审查。世界卫生组织建议儿童至少接种2剂含麻疹成分疫苗（MCV）以确保获得保护。在中国天津，MCV接种3剂：8月龄接种麻疹疫苗（MV），18 - 24月龄接种麻疹 - 腮腺炎 - 风疹联合疫苗（MMR - 1），5岁接种MMR - 2。由于MV接种年龄较小，MMR - 2很重要。本研究描述了MCV的接种覆盖率，评估了接种及时性，并对居住在中国天津的儿童完成MCV系列接种情况进行了评估。
2012年7月，从天津市免疫信息管理系统中选取免疫记录。提取2004年至2011年出生、年龄在8月龄及以上儿童的记录。描述性统计用于刻画研究人群，并评估每剂MCV的接种及时性和覆盖率。
我们检查了居住在中国天津的205,982名儿童的记录。在适合接种每种疫苗的儿童中，98.6%接种了MV，97.6%接种了MMR - 1，76.9%接种了MMR - 2。在年龄足够接种MMR - 2的儿童中，78.8%完成了全程接种，71.6%在6岁时麻疹全程免疫。
天津MV和MMR - 1的接种覆盖率较高，MMR - 2的覆盖率较低。大多数完成系列接种的儿童都是按时接种的。中国要实现全国消除麻疹的目标，有必要保持MV和MMR - 1的高覆盖率和及时接种，并提高MMR - 2的覆盖率。
