Thomson Rachel M, Allely Clare S, Purves David, Puckering Christine, McConnachie Alex, Johnson Paul C D, Golding Jean, Gillberg Christopher, Wilson Philip
Centre for Rural Health, The Centre for Health Science, University of Aberdeen, Old Perth Road, Inverness IV2 3JH, Scotland.
BMC Pediatr. 2014 Oct 3;14:247. doi: 10.1186/1471-2431-14-247.
This study aimed to establish the predictors of positive and negative parenting behaviours in a United Kingdom population. The majority of previous research has focused on specific risk factors and has used a variety of outcome measures. This study used a single assessment of parenting behaviours and started with a wide range of potential pre- and post-natal variables; such an approach might be used to identify families who might benefit from parenting interventions.
Using a case-control subsample of 160 subjects from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), regression analysis was undertaken to model parenting behaviours at 12 months as measured by the Mellow Parenting Observational System.
Positive parenting increased with maternal age at delivery, levels of education and with prenatal anxiety. More negative interactions were observed among younger mothers, mothers with male infants, with prenatal non-smokers and among mothers who perceived they had a poor support structure.
This study indicates two factors which may be important in identifying families most at risk of negative parenting: younger maternal age at delivery and lack of social support during pregnancy. Such factors could be taken into account when planning provision of services such as parenting interventions. We also established that male children were significantly more likely to be negatively parented, a novel finding which may suggest an area for future research. However the findings have to be accepted cautiously and have to be replicated, as the measures used do not have established psychometric validity and reliability data.
本研究旨在确定英国人群中积极和消极养育行为的预测因素。以往的大多数研究都集中在特定的风险因素上，并使用了各种结果指标。本研究对养育行为进行了单一评估，并从广泛的潜在产前和产后变量入手；这种方法可用于识别可能从养育干预中受益的家庭。
使用来自埃文亲子纵向研究（ALSPAC）的160名受试者的病例对照子样本，进行回归分析，以模拟12个月时通过温和养育观察系统测量的养育行为。
积极养育行为随着产妇分娩年龄、教育水平和产前焦虑程度的增加而增加。在年轻母亲、生育男婴的母亲、产前不吸烟的母亲以及认为自己支持结构较差的母亲中，观察到更多的消极互动。
本研究表明，在识别最有可能出现消极养育行为的家庭时，有两个因素可能很重要：产妇分娩年龄较小以及孕期缺乏社会支持。在规划提供诸如养育干预等服务时，可考虑这些因素。我们还发现，男性儿童受到消极养育的可能性明显更高，这一新颖的发现可能为未来的研究指明一个方向。然而，由于所使用的测量方法没有既定的心理测量效度和信度数据，这些研究结果必须谨慎接受并加以重复验证。
