Division of Strategy, Management, and Organization.
Department of Personnel Management, Work, and Organizational Psychology.
J Appl Psychol. 2015 Mar;100(2):464-80. doi: 10.1037/a0038098. Epub 2014 Oct 6.
Although the term situational judgment test (SJT) implies judging situations, existing SJTs focus more on judging the effectiveness of different response options (i.e., response judgment) and less on how people perceive and interpret situations (i.e., situational judgment). We expand the traditional SJT paradigm and propose that adding explicit assessments of situational judgment to SJTs will provide incremental information beyond that provided by response judgment. We test this hypothesis across 4 studies using intercultural multimedia SJTs. Study 1 uses verbal protocol analysis to discover the situational judgments people make when responding to SJT items. Study 2 shows situational judgment predicts time-lagged, peer-rated task performance and interpersonal citizenship among undergraduate seniors over and above response judgment and other established predictors. Study 3 shows providing situational judgment did not affect the predictive validity of response judgment. Study 4 replicates Study 2 in a working adult sample. We discuss implications for SJT theory as well as the practical implications of putting judging situations back into SJTs.
尽管情境判断测试（SJT）一词暗示了对情境的判断，但现有的 SJT 更侧重于判断不同反应选项的有效性（即反应判断），而较少关注人们如何感知和解释情境（即情境判断）。我们扩展了传统的 SJT 范式，并提出在 SJT 中增加对情境判断的明确评估将提供比反应判断提供的更多的增量信息。我们使用跨文化多媒体 SJT 在 4 项研究中检验了这一假设。研究 1 使用口头报告分析来发现人们在回答 SJT 项目时所做的情境判断。研究 2 表明，情境判断预测了本科生高年级学生的滞后、同伴评定的任务绩效和人际公民行为，超越了反应判断和其他既定预测因素。研究 3 表明，提供情境判断不会影响反应判断的预测效度。研究 4 在成年工作样本中复制了研究 2。我们讨论了对 SJT 理论的意义，以及将判断情境重新纳入 SJT 的实际意义。
