人类免疫缺陷病毒与艾滋病的预防：暴露后预防（包括医护人员）
Prevention of human immunodeficiency virus and AIDS: postexposure prophylaxis (including health care workers).
作者信息
Beekmann Susan E, Henderson David K
机构信息
Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa College of Medicine, Infectious Diseases SW34-J GH, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Building 10-CRC, Rm 6-2551, MD 20892, USA.
出版信息
Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2014 Dec;28(4):601-13. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2014.08.005. Epub 2014 Oct 5.
Abstract
Postexposure prophylaxis (PEP), which is designed to prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection after an exposure, is one of several strategies for HIV prevention. PEP was first used after occupational HIV exposures in the late 1980s, with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issuing the first set of guidelines that included considerations regarding the use of antiretroviral agents for PEP after occupational HIV exposures in 1990. Use of PEP has been extended to nonoccupational exposures, including after sexual contact or injection-drug use. This article provides a rationale for PEP, assessment of the need for PEP, and details of its implementation.
摘要
暴露后预防（PEP）旨在预防暴露后感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV），是多种HIV预防策略之一。PEP最早于20世纪80年代末用于职业性HIV暴露后预防，疾病控制与预防中心于1990年发布了第一套指南，其中包括关于职业性HIV暴露后使用抗逆转录病毒药物进行PEP的相关考量。PEP的使用已扩展到非职业性暴露，包括性接触或注射吸毒后。本文阐述了PEP的基本原理、PEP需求评估及其实施细节。
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