咖啡因在美国的监管状况。

Regulatory status of caffeine in the United States.

机构信息

Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Office of Food Additive Safety, Division of Biotechnology and GRAS Notice Review, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland, USA.

出版信息

Nutr Rev. 2014 Oct;72 Suppl 1:23-33. doi: 10.1111/nure.12136.

DOI:10.1111/nure.12136

PMID:25293541

Abstract

This article summarizes the history of the regulation of caffeine, a key component of caffeine-containing energy drinks and other caffeine-containing energy products, in the United States. Caffeine as an ingredient in food has been regulated by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) since 1958, when the Food Additives Amendment to the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act was enacted. It is listed as a substance that is generally recognized as safe by experts for its intended use in cola-type beverages at levels not to exceed 200 parts per million. Here, the history of FDA evaluations of the safe use of, as well as consumer exposure to, caffeine in food in the United States is outlined. Finally, the FDA's current concerns about caffeine and caffeine-containing energy products are reported, along with the current activities to address those concerns.

摘要

本文总结了美国对含咖啡因的能量饮料和其他含咖啡因能量产品中关键成分咖啡因的监管历史。自 1958 年《联邦食品、药品和化妆品法案》食品添加剂修正案颁布以来，美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）一直在监管咖啡因作为食品成分。它被列为一种物质，在可乐型饮料中的使用被专家普遍认为是安全的，其用量不得超过 200 百万分之。本文概述了 FDA 在美国对食品中咖啡因的安全使用以及消费者暴露于咖啡因情况的评估历史。最后，报告了 FDA 目前对咖啡因和含咖啡因能量产品的关注，并介绍了为解决这些问题而开展的当前活动。