弓形虫的“潜伏”感染：与健康成年人的特质攻击性和冲动性的关联
"Latent" infection with Toxoplasma gondii: association with trait aggression and impulsivity in healthy adults.
作者信息
Cook Thomas B, Brenner Lisa A, Cloninger C Robert, Langenberg Patricia, Igbide Ajirioghene, Giegling Ina, Hartmann Annette M, Konte Bettina, Friedl Marion, Brundin Lena, Groer Maureen W, Can Adem, Rujescu Dan, Postolache Teodor T
机构信息
Department of Public Health, Mercyhurst Institute for Public Health, Mercyhurst University, Erie, PA, USA.
Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) 19, Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Denver, CO, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
出版信息
J Psychiatr Res. 2015 Jan;60:87-94. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.09.019. Epub 2014 Sep 28.
BACKGROUND
Latent chronic infection with Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), a common neurotropic pathogen, has been previously linked with suicidal self-directed violence (SSDV). We sought to determine if latent infection with T. gondii is associated with trait aggression and impulsivity, intermediate phenotypes for suicidal behavior, in psychiatrically healthy adults.
METHODS
Traits of aggression and impulsivity were analyzed in relationship to IgG antibody seropositivity for T. gondii and two other latent neurotropic infections, herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) and cytomegalovirus (CMV). One thousand community-residing adults residing in the Munich metropolitan area with no Axis I or II conditions by SCID for DSM-IV (510 men, 490 women, mean age 53.6 ± 15.8, range 20-74). Plasma samples were tested for IgG antibodies to T. gondii, HSV-1 and CMV by ELISA. Self-reported ratings of trait aggression scores (Questionnaire for Measuring Factors of Aggression [FAF]) and trait impulsivity (Sensation-Seeking Scale-V [SSS-V]) were analyzed using linear multivariate methods.
RESULTS
T. gondii IgG seropositivity was significantly associated with higher trait reactive aggression scores among women (p < .01), but not among men. T. gondii-positivity was also associated with higher impulsive sensation-seeking (SSS-V Disinhibition) among younger men (p < .01) aged 20-59 years old (median age = 60). All associations with HSV-1 and CMV were not significant.
CONCLUSIONS
Aggression and impulsivity, personality traits considered as endophenotypes for SSDV, are associated with latent T. gondii infection in a gender and age-specific manner, and could be further investigated as prognostic and treatment targets in T. gondii-positive individuals at risk for SSDV.
背景
刚地弓形虫（T. gondii）是一种常见的嗜神经病原体，其潜伏性慢性感染此前已与自杀性自我导向暴力（SSDV）相关联。我们试图确定在精神健康的成年人中，刚地弓形虫的潜伏感染是否与特质攻击性和冲动性相关，而特质攻击性和冲动性是自杀行为的中间表型。
方法
分析了攻击性和冲动性特质与刚地弓形虫以及另外两种潜伏性嗜神经感染——单纯疱疹病毒1型（HSV1）和巨细胞病毒（CMV）的IgG抗体血清阳性之间的关系。1000名居住在慕尼黑大都市地区的社区成年人，根据DSM-IV的SCID标准无轴I或轴II疾病（510名男性，490名女性，平均年龄53.6±15.8岁，范围20 - 74岁）。通过ELISA检测血浆样本中针对刚地弓形虫、HSV - 1和CMV的IgG抗体。使用线性多变量方法分析特质攻击性得分（攻击性测量因素问卷[FAF]）和特质冲动性（感觉寻求量表-V[SSS-V]）的自我报告评分。
结果
刚地弓形虫IgG血清阳性与女性较高的特质反应性攻击得分显著相关（p < 0.01），但在男性中无此关联。刚地弓形虫阳性也与20 - 59岁（中位年龄 = 60岁）的年轻男性中较高的冲动性感觉寻求（SSS-V去抑制）相关（p < 0.01）。与HSV - 1和CMV的所有关联均不显著。
结论
攻击性和冲动性作为SSDV的内表型人格特质，以性别和年龄特异性方式与刚地弓形虫潜伏感染相关，并且可以作为有SSDV风险的刚地弓形虫阳性个体的预后和治疗靶点进行进一步研究。
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