Magrone Thea, Jirillo Emilio
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11-70124 Bari, Italy.
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2014;14(4):272-82. doi: 10.2174/1871530314666141010105540.
Immune decline with ageing accounts for the increased risk of infections, inflammatory chronic disease, autoimmunity and cancer in humans. Both innate and adaptive immune functions are compromised in aged people and, therefore, attempts to correct these dysfunctions represent a major goal of modern medicine. In this review, special emphasis will be placed on the aged innate immunity with special reference to polymorphonuclear cell, monocyte/ macrophage, dendritic cell and natural killer cell functions. As potential modifiers of the impaired innate immunity, some principal nutraceuticals will be illustrated, such as micronutrients, pre-probiotics and polyphenols. In elderly, clinical trials with the above products are scanty, however, some encouraging effects on the recovery of innate immune cells have been reported. In addition, our own results obtained with symbiotics and polyphenols extracted from red wine or fermented grape marc suggest the potential ability of these substances to modulate the innate immune response in ageing, thus reducing the inflammaging which characterizes immune senescence.
免疫功能随年龄增长而衰退，这导致人类感染、慢性炎症性疾病、自身免疫性疾病和癌症的风险增加。老年人的固有免疫和适应性免疫功能均受损，因此，纠正这些功能障碍的尝试是现代医学的一个主要目标。在本综述中，将特别强调老年人的固有免疫，特别提及多形核细胞、单核细胞/巨噬细胞、树突状细胞和自然杀伤细胞的功能。作为受损固有免疫的潜在调节剂，将举例说明一些主要的营养保健品，如微量营养素、益生元及多酚类物质。在老年人中，针对上述产品的临床试验较少，不过，已有报道称这些产品对固有免疫细胞的恢复有一些令人鼓舞的效果。此外，我们自己使用共生菌以及从红酒或发酵葡萄渣中提取的多酚类物质所获得的结果表明，这些物质具有调节衰老过程中固有免疫反应的潜在能力，从而减少作为免疫衰老特征的炎症衰老。
