Allesøe Karen, Holtermann Andreas, Aadahl Mette, Thomsen Jane F, Hundrup Yrsa A, Søgaard Karen
Research Centre for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University Hospital, Denmark Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Denmark.
Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2015 Dec;22(12):1601-8. doi: 10.1177/2047487314554866. Epub 2014 Oct 13.
Recent studies indicate that physically demanding work is a risk factor for heart disease among men, especially those with low or moderate physical activity during leisure time. Among women, present evidence is inconclusive.
The design was a prospective cohort study.
This investigation in the Danish Nurse Cohort Study included 12,093 female nurses aged 45-64 years, who answered a self-report questionnaire on physical activity at work and during leisure time, known risk factors for ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and occupational factors at baseline in 1993. Information on the 15-year incidence of IHD was obtained by individual linkage in the National Register of Hospital Discharges to 2008.
During follow-up 580 participants were hospitalised with IHD. A significant interaction between occupational and leisure time physical activity was found with the lowest risk of IHD among nurses with the combination of moderate physical activity at work and vigorous physical activity during leisure time. Compared to this group high physical activity at work was associated with a higher risk of IHD at all levels of physical activity during leisure time increasing from hazard ratio 1.75 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10-2.80) among nurses with vigorous physical activity during leisure time to 2.65 (95% CI 1.44-4.88) among nurses being sedentary during leisure time.
This study among Danish nurses suggests that high physical activity at work is a risk factor for IHD among women. Vigorous physical activity during leisure time lowered but did not completely counteract the adverse effect of occupational physical activity on risk of IHD.
近期研究表明，体力要求高的工作是男性患心脏病的一个风险因素，尤其是那些在休闲时间体力活动水平低或中等的男性。对于女性而言，目前的证据尚无定论。
采用前瞻性队列研究设计。
丹麦护士队列研究中的这项调查纳入了12093名年龄在45至64岁之间的女性护士，她们在1993年基线时回答了一份关于工作和休闲时间体力活动、已知缺血性心脏病（IHD）风险因素及职业因素的自我报告问卷。通过与国家医院出院登记册进行个体关联，获取了截至2008年IHD的15年发病率信息。
在随访期间，580名参与者因IHD住院。发现职业和休闲时间体力活动之间存在显著交互作用，工作中体力活动中等且休闲时间体力活动剧烈的护士患IHD的风险最低。与该组相比，在休闲时间所有体力活动水平下，工作中高强度体力活动都与较高的IHD风险相关，休闲时间体力活动剧烈的护士的风险比为1.75（95%置信区间（CI）1.10 - 2.80），休闲时间久坐的护士的风险比增至2.65（95%CI 1.44 - 4.88）。
这项针对丹麦护士的研究表明，工作中高强度体力活动是女性患IHD的一个风险因素。休闲时间进行剧烈体力活动可降低但不能完全抵消职业体力活动对IHD风险的不利影响。
