Petrone Andrew B, Gaziano J Michael, Djoussé Luc
Division of Aging and the Department of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 1620 Tremont St. 3rd floor, Boston, MA, 02120, USA; Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology and Research Information Center (MAVERIC) and Geriatric Research (GRECC), Boston, MA, USA.
Eur J Heart Fail. 2014 Dec;16(12):1372-6. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.180. Epub 2014 Oct 14.
To test the hypothesis that chocolate consumption is associated with a lower risk of heart failure (HF).
We prospectively studied 20 278 men from the Physicians' Health Study. Chocolate consumption was assessed between 1999 and 2002 via a self-administered food frequency questionnaire and HF was ascertained through annual follow-up questionnaires with validation in a subsample. We used Cox regression to estimate multivariable adjusted relative risk of HF. During a mean follow-up of 9.3 years there were 876 new cases of HF. The mean age at baseline was 66.4 ± 9.2 years. Hazard ratios [95% confidence intervals (CI)] for HF were 1.0 (ref), 0.86 (0.72-1.03), 0.80 (0.66-0.98), 0.92 (0.74-1.13), and 0.82 (0.63-1.07), for chocolate consumption of less than 1/month, 1-3/week, 2-4/week, and 5+/week, respectively, after adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol, exercise, energy intake, and history of atrial fibrillation (P for quadratic trend = 0.62). In a secondary analysis, chocolate consumption was inversely associated with risk of HF in men whose BMI was <25 kg/m(2) [HR (95% CI) = 0.59 (0.37-0.94) for consumption of 5+ servings/week, P for linear trend = 0.03) but not in those with BMI of 25+ kg/m(2) [HR (95% CI) = 1.01 (0.73-1.39), P for linear trend = 0.42, P for interaction = 0.17).
Our data suggest that moderate consumption of chocolate might be associated with a lower risk of HF in male physicians.
检验巧克力摄入量与较低的心衰（HF）风险相关这一假设。
我们对来自医师健康研究的20278名男性进行了前瞻性研究。1999年至2002年期间，通过一份自我填写的食物频率问卷评估巧克力摄入量，并通过年度随访问卷确定心衰情况，且在一个子样本中进行了验证。我们使用Cox回归来估计多变量调整后的心衰相对风险。在平均9.3年的随访期间，有876例新发心衰病例。基线时的平均年龄为66.4±9.2岁。在校正年龄、体重指数（BMI）、吸烟、饮酒、运动、能量摄入和房颤病史后，每月巧克力摄入量少于1次、每周1 - 3次、每周2 - 4次以及每周5次以上的心衰风险比[95%置信区间（CI）]分别为1.0（参照）、0.86（0.72 - 1.03）、0.80（0.66 - 0.98）、0.92（0.74 - 1.13）和0.82（0.63 - 1.07）（二次趋势P值 = 0.62）。在一项二次分析中，巧克力摄入量与BMI<25kg/m²的男性的心衰风险呈负相关[每周食用5份以上的风险比（95%CI） = 0.59（0.37 - 0.94），线性趋势P值 = 0.03]，但在BMI为25kg/m²及以上的男性中则不然[风险比（95%CI） = 1.01（0.73 - 1.39），线性趋势P值 = 0.42，交互作用P值 = 0.17]。
我们的数据表明，适度食用巧克力可能与男性医师较低的心衰风险相关。
