Clinical Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2014 Sep 29;5. doi: 10.3402/ejpt.v5.24104. eCollection 2014.
Traumatic exposure may modulate the expression of impulsive behavioral dispositions and change the implementation of emotion regulation strategies associated with depressive mood. Past studies resulted in only limited comprehension of these relationships, especially because they failed to consider impulsivity as a multifactorial construct.
Based on Whiteside and Lynam's multidimensional model that identifies four distinct dispositional facets of impulsive-like behaviors, namely urgency, (lack of) premeditation, (lack of) perseverance, and sensation seeking (UPPS), the current study used a sample of community volunteers to investigate whether an interaction exists between impulsivity facets and lifetime trauma exposure in predicting cognitive emotion regulation and depressive mood.
Ninety-three adults completed questionnaires measuring lifetime trauma exposure, impulsivity, cognitive emotion regulation, and depressive mood.
Results showed that trauma-exposed participants with a strong disposition toward urgency (predisposition to act rashly in intense emotional contexts) tended to use fewer appropriate cognitive emotion regulation strategies than other individuals. Unexpectedly, participants lacking in perseverance (predisposition to have difficulties concentrating on demanding tasks) used more appropriate emotion regulation strategies if they had experienced traumatic events during their life than if they had not. Emotion regulation mediated the path between these two impulsivity facets and depressive mood.
Together, these findings suggest that impulsivity has a differential impact on emotion regulation and depressive mood depending on lifetime exposure to environmental factors, especially traumatic events.
创伤暴露可能会调节冲动行为倾向的表达，并改变与抑郁情绪相关的情绪调节策略的实施。过去的研究对这些关系的理解非常有限，尤其是因为它们没有将冲动视为一个多因素的结构。
基于 Whiteside 和 Lynam 的多维模型，该模型确定了冲动样行为的四个不同的特质方面，即冲动（urgency）、（缺乏）计划性（premeditation）、（缺乏）毅力（perseverance）和感觉寻求（sensation seeking，UPPS），本研究使用社区志愿者样本，调查冲动特质方面与终生创伤暴露之间是否存在相互作用，以预测认知情绪调节和抑郁情绪。
93 名成年人完成了测量终生创伤暴露、冲动、认知情绪调节和抑郁情绪的问卷。
结果表明，具有强烈冲动倾向（在强烈的情绪情境中仓促行事的倾向）的创伤暴露参与者往往比其他个体更少地使用适当的认知情绪调节策略。出乎意料的是，如果参与者在生活中经历过创伤性事件，那么缺乏毅力（专注于高要求任务有困难的倾向）的参与者比没有经历过创伤性事件的参与者使用更多适当的情绪调节策略。情绪调节在这两个冲动特质方面和抑郁情绪之间的路径中起中介作用。
总之，这些发现表明，冲动对情绪调节和抑郁情绪的影响取决于终生暴露于环境因素，尤其是创伤性事件。
