Lok Chan Wing
Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
Am J Hosp Palliat Care. 2016 Apr;33(3):286-90. doi: 10.1177/1049909114554796. Epub 2014 Oct 15.
Breathlessness is defined as "a subjective experience of breathing discomfort that consists of qualitatively distinct sensations that vary in intensity." It is a common and distressing symptom reported by patients with advanced malignancy. It occurs in up to 70% of patients with advanced cancer, and the symptom is aggravated with disease progression. This article reviews the etiology, assessment, and measurement of dyspnea in patients with advanced cancer. Because of its complex biopsychological etiology and manifestations, multidisciplinary approach with combination of both pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions provides the best treatment plan for patients with dyspnea.
呼吸困难被定义为“一种呼吸不适的主观体验，由性质不同、强度各异的感觉组成”。它是晚期恶性肿瘤患者报告的常见且令人痛苦的症状。高达70%的晚期癌症患者会出现这种症状，且该症状会随着疾病进展而加重。本文综述了晚期癌症患者呼吸困难的病因、评估和测量方法。由于其复杂的生物心理病因和表现，采用药物和非药物干预相结合的多学科方法为呼吸困难患者提供了最佳治疗方案。
