Grimm Wolfram, Koehler Ulrich
Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Marburg and Gießen, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg 35033, Germany.
Sleep Disorder Unit of the Department of Pneumology, University Hospital of Marburg and Gießen, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg 35033, Germany.
Int J Mol Sci. 2014 Oct 16;15(10):18693-705. doi: 10.3390/ijms151018693.
The relationship between heart failure (HF), sleep-disordered breathing and cardiac arrhythmias is complex and poorly understood. Whereas the frequency of predominantly obstructive sleep apnea in HF patients is low and similar or moderately higher to that observed in the general population, central sleep apnea (CSA) has been observed in approximately 50% of HF patients, depending on the methods used to detect CSA and patient selection. Despite this high prevalence, it is still unclear whether CSA is merely a marker or an independent risk factor for an adverse prognosis in HF patients and whether CSA is associated with an increased risk for supraventricular as well as ventricular arrhythmias in HF patients. The current review focuses on the relationship between CSA and atrial fibrillation as the most common atrial arrhythmia in HF patients, and on the relationship between CSA and ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation as the most frequent cause of sudden cardiac death in HF patients.
心力衰竭（HF）、睡眠呼吸紊乱与心律失常之间的关系复杂，目前尚不清楚。HF患者中以阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停为主的频率较低，与普通人群中观察到的频率相似或略高，而中枢性睡眠呼吸暂停（CSA）在约50%的HF患者中被观察到，这取决于检测CSA的方法和患者选择。尽管患病率很高，但仍不清楚CSA仅仅是HF患者不良预后的一个标志物还是独立危险因素，以及CSA是否与HF患者室上性和室性心律失常风险增加相关。本综述重点关注CSA与HF患者中最常见的房性心律失常——心房颤动之间的关系，以及CSA与HF患者心脏性猝死最常见原因——室性心动过速和心室颤动之间的关系。
