Magalhães Paulo André Freire, Miranda Cleine Aglacy Nunes, Lima Érika Galvão, Moizéis Raíza Nara Cunha, de Lima Diego Breno Soares, Cobucci Ricardo Ney Oliveira, de Medeiros Fernandes Thales Allyrio Araújo, de Azevedo Jenner Chrystian Veríssimo, de Azevedo Paulo Roberto Medeiros, de Araújo Josélio Maria Galvão, Fernandes José Veríssimo
Post-Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2015 May;291(5):1095-102. doi: 10.1007/s00404-014-3514-z. Epub 2014 Oct 19.
This cross-sectional study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection alone and in combination with human papillomavirus (HPV). Furthermore, the study investigates whether the CT infection increases the risk of contracting HPV and whether the presence of both pathogens is associated with a higher prevalence of cervical lesions.
Cervical samples of 1,134 asymptomatic women enrolled in a screening program for cervical cancer were analyzed. Two cervical specimens were collected from each patient, one for cytologic examination and the other for detection of CT by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), using a primer pair which amplifies a specific sequence of the DNA plasmid.
The overall prevalence rate infection was 10.9%, being 10% in the women with normal cytology, 13.8% in those with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US), and 25% with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL). The infection by CT did not increase the risk of acquiring HPV infection. The higher prevalence of LSIL in women co-infected with HPV and CT is possibly due to HPV.
CT infection was more prevalent in younger women aged up to 32 years, who had an early onset of reproductive activity and a history of having had multiple sexual partners lifelong may be at a greater risk of acquiring infection of the genital tract by C. trachomatis.
本横断面研究旨在评估单纯沙眼衣原体（CT）感染以及与人类乳头瘤病毒（HPV）合并感染的患病率。此外，该研究还调查CT感染是否会增加感染HPV的风险，以及两种病原体的共存是否与宫颈病变的较高患病率相关。
对参加宫颈癌筛查项目的1134名无症状女性的宫颈样本进行分析。从每位患者采集两份宫颈标本，一份用于细胞学检查，另一份使用能扩增DNA质粒特定序列的引物对，通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测CT。
总体感染患病率为10.9%，细胞学正常的女性中为10%，意义不明确的非典型鳞状细胞（ASC-US）女性中为13.8%，低度鳞状上皮内病变（LSIL）女性中为25%。CT感染并未增加感染HPV的风险。HPV和CT合并感染的女性中LSIL患病率较高可能归因于HPV。
CT感染在32岁及以下的年轻女性中更为普遍，这些女性生殖活动开始较早且终生有多个性伴侣史，感染沙眼衣原体生殖道感染的风险可能更高。
