Erteld E, Krohn J, Dzhakupov I T, Wehrend A
Prof. Dr. Axel Wehrend, Dipl. ECAR, Klinik für Geburtshilfe, Gynäkologie und Andrologie der Groß- und Kleintiere mit Tierärztlicher Ambulanz der Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Frankfurter Straße 106, 35392 Gießen, E-Mail:
Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere. 2014;42(5):297-303.
To summarize the available literature on the therapy of uterine torsion in cattle and the consequences for cow and calf.
Analysis of the literature using electronic libraries (PubMed, Medline), German veterinary medical journals and obstetrical textbooks.
The therapy includes the attempt to rotate the uterus back into its physiological position. Direct and indirect methods of retorsion are available and applied according to the case conditions. Subsequently, the extraction of the calf can be performed via vaginal delivery or caesarean section. The presence of uterine torsion always leads to dystocia. Following a successful retorsion, the time and degree of uterine torsion strongly influence the progress of the birth. The prognosis also depends on the aforementioned factors and varies between good to unsuccessful. The vitality of the calf displays great variation depending on the literature (14-90%), however, is generally greater under field than clinical conditions. Focussing on the puerperal development of the cow, all grades from mild irritations of the uterine involution to fatal complications occur. The influence on fertility depends on the progress of the birth and existing secondary complications. The risk for electrolyte disturbances is increased (approximately 50%) as is the risk of birth-associated injuries (approximately 20%). The incidence of placental retention varies widely between different authors (3-52%).
总结关于牛子宫扭转治疗及对母牛和犊牛影响的现有文献。
利用电子图书馆（PubMed、Medline）、德国兽医医学期刊和产科教科书对文献进行分析。
治疗方法包括尝试将子宫旋转回其生理位置。有直接和间接扭转复位方法，可根据具体情况应用。随后，可通过阴道分娩或剖腹产取出犊牛。子宫扭转的存在总会导致难产。成功扭转复位后，子宫扭转的时间和程度会强烈影响分娩进程。预后也取决于上述因素，从良好到失败各不相同。根据文献，犊牛的活力差异很大（14% - 90%），但在实际生产环境中通常比临床条件下更高。关注母牛产后发育，从子宫复旧的轻度刺激到致命并发症等各种情况都会出现。对繁殖力的影响取决于分娩进程和现有的继发并发症。电解质紊乱风险增加（约50%），分娩相关损伤风险也增加（约20%）。不同作者报道的胎盘滞留发生率差异很大（3% - 52%）。
