Erteld E, Wehrend A, Goericke-Pesch S
Klinik für Geburtshilfe, Gynäkologie und Andrologie der Groß- und Kleintiere mit Tierärztlicher Ambulanz, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Frankfurter Straße 106, 35392 Gießen.
Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere. 2012;40(3):167-75; quiz 176.
Aim of the present study was to summarize the available literature about the incidence, frequency, clinical symptoms and ideas as to the pathogenesis of uterine torsion in the cow.
Analysis of the literature using electronic libraries (Pub Med, Medline), German veterinary medicine journals and obstetrical textbooks.
Uterine torsion is a very important maternal reason for dystocia as most cases occur during parturition. The post-cervical torsion (combined uterine and vaginal torsion, Torsio uteri and vaginae) is more commonly diagnosed than an intra-cervical or pre-cervical torsion. Torsions to the left occur more frequently than to the right. Clinical symptoms clearly vary depending on the degree of torsion. The frequency in relation to all parturitions is described as between 0.5 and 1%, whereas the percentage of uterine torsions presented to the veterinarian as a reason for dystocia varies between 2.7 and 65%. The pathogenesis of uterine torsion remains unclear; however, general agreement exists that the cow is predisposed to uterine torsion due to its anatomy. It appears that the Brown Swiss is more often affected than other cattle breeds.
本研究的目的是总结关于奶牛子宫扭转的发病率、发生频率、临床症状以及发病机制的现有文献。
利用电子图书馆（PubMed、Medline）、德国兽医学期刊和产科教科书对文献进行分析。
子宫扭转是难产的一个非常重要的母体因素，因为大多数病例发生在分娩期间。宫颈后扭转（子宫和阴道联合扭转，子宫和阴道扭转）比宫颈内或宫颈前扭转更常被诊断出来。向左扭转比向右扭转更常见。临床症状明显因扭转程度而异。相对于所有分娩的发生率描述为0.5%至1%，而作为难产原因提交给兽医的子宫扭转百分比在2.7%至65%之间变化。子宫扭转的发病机制尚不清楚；然而，人们普遍认为奶牛因其解剖结构易发生子宫扭转。看来瑞士褐牛比其他牛品种更常受到影响。
