埃塞俄比亚西南部耶布镇食品从业人员肠道寄生虫的流行情况及预测因素
Prevalence and predictors of intestinal parasites among food handlers in Yebu Town, southwest Ethiopia.
作者信息
Tefera Tamirat, Mebrie Getye
机构信息
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Pathology, College Of Public Health and Medical Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Yebu Health Center, Jimma zone, Ethiopia.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2014 Oct 17;9(10):e110621. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110621. eCollection 2014.
BACKGROUND
As a result of urbanization, eating and drinking from food service establishments is becoming a common practice in developing countries like Ethiopia, which increases the chances of food borne diseases. The health status and hygiene practices of food handlers are the major determinants of food contamination. In developing countries where there are poor regulatory systems for food hygiene, food handlers are often appointed without screening for possible infections associated with poor hygiene like intestinal parasites.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed at determining the prevalence and predictors of intestinal parasites and assessing the hygiene practices among food handlers in Yebu Town, southwest Ethiopia.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted among a total of 118 food handlers in Yebu Town in January 2011. Fresh stool specimens were collected and processed using both direct wet mount and Formol ether concentration techniques.
RESULTS
The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites among the study subjects was 44.1% (52/118). Ascaris lumbricoides and hookworm spp were the predominant parasites identified from the stool of study participants. Age above 35 years (AOR: 4.8, 95% CI: 1.1, 21.8), no regular practice of washing hands before a meal (AOR: 7.8, 95% CI: 2.8, 24.8), and untrimmed finger nail (AOR: 14.7, 95% CI: 2.8, 75.4) were independent predictors of intestinal parasitic infection among the food handlers.
CONCLUSION
The present study showed high prevalence of intestinal parasites among the study subjects. The study also revealed poor personal hygiene like poor practice of hand washing and poor finger nail hygiene. Therefore, much has to be done to improve the personal hygiene of the food handlers. Pre-placement and periodic screening of food handlers for parasites and prompt treatment, and health education on regular trimming or cleaning of fingernails would be the way forward for prevention of food borne diseases.
背景
由于城市化进程，在埃塞俄比亚等发展中国家，在食品服务场所饮食正变得越来越普遍，这增加了食源性疾病的发生几率。食品从业人员的健康状况和卫生习惯是食品污染的主要决定因素。在食品卫生监管体系不完善的发展中国家，食品从业人员往往未经筛查是否存在与卫生状况差相关的潜在感染，如肠道寄生虫感染。
目的
本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚西南部叶布镇食品从业人员肠道寄生虫的患病率及预测因素，并评估其卫生习惯。
方法
2011年1月，在叶布镇对总共118名食品从业人员进行了一项横断面研究。收集新鲜粪便标本，并使用直接湿片法和甲醛乙醚浓缩技术进行处理。
结果
研究对象中肠道寄生虫的总体患病率为44.1%（52/118）。从研究参与者的粪便中鉴定出的主要寄生虫是蛔虫和钩虫。35岁以上（调整后比值比：4.8，95%置信区间：1.1，21.8）、饭前不经常洗手（调整后比值比：7.8，95%置信区间：2.8，24.8）和指甲未修剪（调整后比值比：14.7，95%置信区间：2.8，75.4）是食品从业人员肠道寄生虫感染的独立预测因素。
结论
本研究显示研究对象中肠道寄生虫患病率较高。该研究还揭示了个人卫生习惯较差，如洗手习惯不良和指甲卫生较差。因此，必须采取很多措施来改善食品从业人员的个人卫生。对食品从业人员进行上岗前和定期的寄生虫筛查并及时治疗，以及开展关于定期修剪或清洁指甲的健康教育，将是预防食源性疾病的前进方向。
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