Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China.
Small. 2015 Feb 11;11(6):654-66. doi: 10.1002/smll.201402346. Epub 2014 Oct 21.
Recent years have witnessed great developments in inorganic 2D nanomaterials for their unique dimensional confinement and diverse electronic energy bands. Precisely regulating their intrinsic electrical behaviors would bring superior electrical conductivity, rendering 2D nanomaterials ideal candidates for active materials in electrochemical applications when combined with the excellent reaction activity from the inorganic lattice. This Concept focuses on highly conducting inorganic 2D nanomaterials, including intrinsic metallic 2D nanomaterials and artificial highly conductive 2D nanomaterials. The intrinsic metallicity of 2D nanomaterials is derived from their closely packed atomic structures that ensure maximum overlapping of electron orbitals, while artificial highly conductive 2D nanomaterials could be achieved by designed methodologies of surface modification, intralayer ion doping, and lattice strain, in which atomic-scale structural modulation plays a vital role in realizing conducting behaviors. Benefiting from fast electron transfer, high reaction activity, as well as large surface areas arising from the 2D inorganic lattice, highly conducting 2D nanomaterials open up prospects for enhancing performance in electrochemical catalysis and electrochemical capacitors. Conductive 2D inorganic nanomaterials promise higher efficiency for electrochemical applications of energy conversion and storage.
近年来，无机二维纳米材料因其独特的维度限制和多样的电子能带而取得了巨大的发展。通过精确调控其本征的电学性能，可以获得优异的导电性，使得二维纳米材料在与无机晶格的优异反应活性相结合时，成为电化学应用中活性材料的理想选择。本综述聚焦于高导电性的无机二维纳米材料，包括本征金属性二维纳米材料和人工高导电性二维纳米材料。二维纳米材料的本征金属性来源于其紧密堆积的原子结构，确保了电子轨道的最大重叠，而人工高导电性二维纳米材料则可以通过表面修饰、层间离子掺杂和晶格应变等设计方法来实现，其中原子级结构调制在实现导电性能方面起着至关重要的作用。得益于快速的电子转移、高反应活性以及二维无机晶格带来的大表面积，高导电性二维纳米材料为电化学催化和电化学电容器的性能提升带来了广阔的前景。导电二维无机纳米材料有望为能量转换和存储的电化学应用带来更高的效率。
