Benkouiten Samir, Charrel Rémi, Belhouchat Khadidja, Drali Tassadit, Nougairede Antoine, Salez Nicolas, Memish Ziad A, Al Masri Malak, Fournier Pierre-Edouard, Raoult Didier, Brouqui Philippe, Parola Philippe, Gautret Philippe
Emerg Infect Dis. 2014 Nov;20(11):1821-7. doi: 10.3201/eid2011.140600.
Pilgrims returning from the Hajj might contribute to international spreading of respiratory pathogens. Nasal and throat swab specimens were obtained from 129 pilgrims in 2013 before they departed from France and before they left Saudi Arabia, and tested by PCR for respiratory viruses and bacteria. Overall, 21.5% and 38.8% of pre-Hajj and post-Hajj specimens, respectively, were positive for ≥1 virus (p = 0.003). One third (29.8%) of the participants acquired ≥1 virus, particularly rhinovirus (14.0%), coronavirus E229 (12.4%), and influenza A(H3N2) virus (6.2%) while in Saudi Arabia. None of the participants were positive for the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. In addition, 50.0% and 62.0% of pre-Hajj and post-Hajj specimens, respectively, were positive for Streptococcus pneumoniae (p = 0.053). One third (36.3%) of the participants had acquired S. pneumoniae during their stay. Our results confirm high acquisition rates of rhinovirus and S. pneumoniae in pilgrims and highlight the acquisition of coronavirus E229.
从麦加朝觐归来的朝圣者可能会促使呼吸道病原体在国际上传播。2013年，在129名朝圣者离开法国之前以及离开沙特阿拉伯之前，采集了他们的鼻拭子和咽拭子样本，并通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测呼吸道病毒和细菌。总体而言，朝觐前和朝觐后样本中分别有21.5%和38.8%对≥1种病毒呈阳性（p = 0.003）。三分之一（29.8%）的参与者在沙特阿拉伯期间感染了≥1种病毒，尤其是鼻病毒（14.0%）、冠状病毒E229（12.4%）和甲型（H3N2）流感病毒（6.2%）。没有参与者对中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒呈阳性。此外，朝觐前和朝觐后样本中分别有50.0%和62.0%对肺炎链球菌呈阳性（p = 0.053）。三分之一（36.3%）的参与者在逗留期间感染了肺炎链球菌。我们的结果证实了朝圣者中鼻病毒和肺炎链球菌的高感染率，并突出了冠状病毒E229的感染情况。
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