Boskabady Mohammad Hossein, Tabatabai Sayed Abas, Farkhondeh Tahereh
Neurogenic Inflammation Research Centre and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Pathology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Environ Toxicol. 2016 Apr;31(4):452-60. doi: 10.1002/tox.22058. Epub 2014 Oct 27.
The association between lead exposure and respiratory diseases including asthma is controversial. Some studies indicate that exposure to environmental lead pollution may cause asthma; however, there is not sufficient data in this regard. The effect of lead on lung pathological findings and serum inflammatory mediators in sensitized and non-sensitized guinea pigs exposed to inhaled lead was examined. Eleven animal groups including control, sensitized, three groups of non sensitized animals, three groups during sensitization, and three groups after sensitization exposed to aerosol of three lead concentrations (n = 6 for each group) were studied. Serum inflammatory mediators levels and lung pathological changes were evaluated. All pathological changes and serum ET-1, EPO, NO levels were significantly higher in the sensitized and non sensitized animals exposed to lead than control group (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between non sensitized groups exposed to high lead concentration and sensitized group. Serum inflammatory mediators levels and pathological findings in sensitized groups exposed to lead both during and after sensitization were significantly higher than sensitized non exposed group (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). The data of exposed animals to high lead concentration were significantly higher than those of medium and low concentrations; those of medium concentration were also higher than low concentration (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). In summary, the present study indicates that exposure to inhaled lead is able to induce respiratory changes similar to asthma. In addition, the results indicated that exposure to environmental lead is able to aggravate asthma severity both during development of asthma or after its manifestation.
铅暴露与包括哮喘在内的呼吸道疾病之间的关联存在争议。一些研究表明，暴露于环境铅污染可能会引发哮喘；然而，这方面的数据并不充分。本研究检测了吸入铅对致敏和未致敏豚鼠肺部病理表现及血清炎症介质的影响。研究了11个动物组，包括对照组、致敏组、三组未致敏动物组、三组致敏期间组和三组致敏后组，每组暴露于三种铅浓度的气溶胶中（每组n = 6）。评估了血清炎症介质水平和肺部病理变化。暴露于铅的致敏和未致敏动物的所有病理变化以及血清ET-1、EPO、NO水平均显著高于对照组（p < 0.05至p < 0.001）。暴露于高铅浓度的未致敏组与致敏组之间无显著差异。致敏期间和致敏后暴露于铅的致敏组的血清炎症介质水平和病理表现均显著高于未暴露的致敏组（p < 0.05至p < 0.001）。暴露于高铅浓度动物的数据显著高于中、低浓度组；中浓度组的数据也高于低浓度组（p < 0.05至p < 0.001）。总之，本研究表明，吸入铅暴露能够诱发类似于哮喘的呼吸道变化。此外，结果表明，暴露于环境铅能够在哮喘发展过程中或哮喘发作后加重哮喘严重程度。
