Yoder Paul J, Bottema-Beutel Kristen, Woynaroski Tiffany, Chandrasekhar Rameela, Sandbank Michael
Special Education Department, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
Lynch School of Education, Boston College, Boston, MA, USA.
Evid Based Commun Assess Interv. 2013;7(4):150-174. doi: 10.1080/17489539.2014.917780.
Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have difficulty communicating in ways that are primarily for initiating and maintaining social relatedness (i.e., social communication). We hypothesized that the way researchers measured social communication would affect whether treatment effects were found. Using a best evidence review method, we found that treatments were shown to improve social communication outcomes approximately 54% of the time. The probability that a treatment affected social communication varied greatly depending on whether social communication was directly targeted (63%) or not (39%). Finally, the probability that a treatment affected social communication also varied greatly depending on whether social communication as measured in (a) contexts very similar to treatment sessions (82%) or (b) contexts that differed from treatment on at least setting, materials, and communication partner (33%). This paper also provides several methodological contributions.
患有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的个体在以主要用于发起和维持社会关系的方式进行沟通方面存在困难（即社交沟通）。我们假设研究人员测量社交沟通的方式会影响是否能发现治疗效果。通过最佳证据综述方法，我们发现治疗在大约54%的时间里显示出能改善社交沟通结果。一种治疗方法对社交沟通产生影响的概率差异很大，这取决于社交沟通是否被直接针对（63%）或未被直接针对（39%）。最后，一种治疗方法对社交沟通产生影响的概率也因社交沟通是在（a）与治疗环节非常相似的情境中测量（82%）还是（b）至少在环境、材料和沟通伙伴方面与治疗不同的情境中测量（33%）而有很大差异。本文还提供了几个方法学上的贡献。
