Dodet Pauline, Chavez Mario, Leu-Semenescu Smaranda, Golmard Jean-Louis, Arnulf Isabelle
Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France.
Brain Research Institute (CRICM - UPMC-Paris6; Inserm UMR_S 975; CNRS UMR 7225) Paris, France.
Sleep. 2015 Mar 1;38(3):487-97. doi: 10.5665/sleep.4516.
To evaluate the frequency, determinants and sleep characteristics of lucid dreaming in narcolepsy.
University hospital sleep disorder unit.
Case-control study.
Consecutive patients with narcolepsy and healthy controls.
Participants were interviewed regarding the frequency and determinants of lucid dreaming. Twelve narcolepsy patients and 5 controls who self-identified as frequent lucid dreamers underwent nighttime and daytime sleep monitoring after being given instructions regarding how to give an eye signal when lucid.
Compared to 53 healthy controls, the 53 narcolepsy patients reported more frequent dream recall, nightmares and recurrent dreams. Lucid dreaming was achieved by 77.4% of narcoleptic patients and 49.1% of controls (P < 0.05), with an average of 7.6±11 vs. 0.3±0.8 lucid dreams/ month (P < 0.0001). The frequency of cataplexy, hallucinations, sleep paralysis, dyssomnia, HLA positivity, and the severity of sleepiness were similar in narcolepsy with and without lucid dreaming. Seven of 12 narcoleptic (and 0 non-narcoleptic) lucid dreamers achieved lucid REM sleep across a total of 33 naps, including 14 episodes with eye signal. The delta power in the electrode average, in delta, theta, and alpha powers in C4, and coherences between frontal electrodes were lower in lucid than non-lucid REM sleep in spectral EEG analysis. The duration of REM sleep was longer, the REM sleep onset latency tended to be shorter, and the percentage of atonia tended to be higher in lucid vs. non-lucid REM sleep; the arousal index and REM density and amplitude were unchanged.
Narcolepsy is a novel, easy model for studying lucid dreaming.
评估发作性睡病中清醒梦的频率、决定因素及睡眠特征。
大学医院睡眠障碍科。
病例对照研究。
连续性发作性睡病患者及健康对照者。
就清醒梦的频率及决定因素对参与者进行访谈。12名发作性睡病患者及5名自认为频繁做清醒梦的对照者，在被告知清醒时如何给出眼部信号的指导后，接受夜间及白天睡眠监测。
与53名健康对照者相比，53名发作性睡病患者报告梦的回忆、噩梦及反复出现的梦更频繁。77.4%的发作性睡病患者及49.1%的对照者能实现清醒梦（P<0.05），清醒梦的平均频率为每月7.6±11次与0.3±0.8次（P<0.0001）。有清醒梦和无清醒梦的发作性睡病患者在猝倒、幻觉、睡眠麻痹、睡眠障碍、HLA阳性及嗜睡严重程度方面相似。12名发作性睡病清醒梦者中的7名（0名非发作性睡病患者）在总共33次小睡中实现了清醒快速眼动睡眠，包括14次有眼部信号的发作。在频谱脑电图分析中，清醒快速眼动睡眠时电极平均的δ波功率、C4导联的δ波、θ波和α波功率以及额叶电极之间的相干性均低于非清醒快速眼动睡眠。与非清醒快速眼动睡眠相比，清醒快速眼动睡眠的持续时间更长，快速眼动睡眠开始潜伏期往往更短，肌张力缺失百分比往往更高；觉醒指数、快速眼动睡眠密度和振幅无变化。
发作性睡病是研究清醒梦的一个新的、简便的模型。
