The Hippo pathway in chemotherapeutic drug resistance.

Chemotherapy is one of the major treatments for cancer patients. Although chemotherapeutic drugs can sometimes effectively suppress tumor growth in cancer patients, a significant proportion of patients are either intrinsically resistant or later develop resistance to primary chemotherapy, leading to disease relapse and patient mortality. The best way to conquer the resistance is the better understanding of the molecular network in cancer cells in response to drugs. Therefore, identification of signaling pathways and molecules involved in drug resistance is essential for successful treatment of cancers. The Hippo pathway is an emerging signaling pathway that plays important roles in tumorigenesis, stem cell self-renewal and differentiation, organ size control as well as many other biological processes. Therefore, exploring novel roles of the Hippo pathway in various biological functions has become one of the cutting-edge research areas in cancer and other biomedical research. Recently, we and others have provided new evidence that the Hippo pathway is involved in the resistance of different types of cancer cells to various chemotherapeutic drugs. In this review, we will discuss the specific roles of the Hippo pathway in chemotherapy, potential applications for studying this network in response to drugs as well as the future direction in identification of therapeutic targets.