Larson G, Falk P, Howard R, Banwell J G
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Gothenburg University, Sahlgren's Hospital, Sweden.
Glycoconj J. 1989;6(4):539-50. doi: 10.1007/BF01053776.
Intestinal sphingolipids of feces of germ-free and conventional rats were analyzed during the pair feeding of a complete defined diet containing phytohemagglutinin lectin (PHA) from red kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) as 1% dietary protein in comparison to casein fed controls. Phytohemagglutinin in the diet increased the total fecal excretion of sphingomyelins (18-fold for germ-free and 20-fold for conventional rats), of non-acid glycosphingolipids (3.5-fold for germ-free and 9-fold for conventional rats) and also of the gangliosides (2.5-fold) for the germ-free rats compared to controls. For germ-free rats the increase of non-acid glycolipids was ascribed to an effect of the lectin strictly on the small intestinal mucosa, while for conventional rats an effect was seen also on the large intestinal mucosa. Increase of fecal gangliosides of germ-free rats was due mainly to an increased excretion of N-acetylneuraminosyl-lactosylceramide, a ganglioside species restricted to epithelial cells of duodenum, of upper jejunum and of large intestines. The effects on glycolipid excretion observed in germ-free rats and the rather similar effects seen in conventional animals suggested that the influence of dietary PHA was due directly to effects elicited by PHA binding to the enterocyte brush border membrane and not to secondary effects induced by increase in the luminal microflora.
在以菜豆（菜豆属）中的植物血凝素（PHA）作为1%膳食蛋白质的完全限定饮食的配对喂养过程中，对无菌大鼠和普通大鼠粪便中的肠道鞘脂进行了分析，并与喂食酪蛋白的对照组进行比较。与对照组相比，饮食中的植物血凝素增加了鞘磷脂的粪便总排泄量（无菌大鼠增加了18倍，普通大鼠增加了20倍）、非酸性糖鞘脂的粪便总排泄量（无菌大鼠增加了3.5倍，普通大鼠增加了9倍），无菌大鼠的神经节苷脂排泄量也增加了（2.5倍）。对于无菌大鼠，非酸性糖脂的增加归因于凝集素严格作用于小肠黏膜的效应，而对于普通大鼠，在大肠黏膜上也观察到了这种效应。无菌大鼠粪便神经节苷脂的增加主要是由于N - 乙酰神经氨酰乳糖神经酰胺排泄增加，该神经节苷脂种类仅限于十二指肠、空肠上段和大肠的上皮细胞。在无菌大鼠中观察到的对糖脂排泄的影响以及在普通动物中看到的相当类似的影响表明，膳食PHA的影响直接归因于PHA与肠细胞刷状缘膜结合所引发的效应，而不是由管腔微生物群增加所诱导的次级效应。
