Francisco Talitha Mayumi, Couto Dayvid Rodrigues, Zanuncio José Cola, Serrão José Eduardo, Silva Ita de Oliveira, Boere Vanner
Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
Departamento de Botânica/Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 20940-040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2014 Nov 5;9(11):e112321. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112321. eCollection 2014.
Marmosets of the genus Callithrix are specialized in the consumption of tree exudates to obtain essential nutritional resource by boring holes into bark with teeth. However, marmoset preferences for particular tree species, location, type, and other suitable factors that aid in exudate acquisition need further research. In the current study, the intensity of exudate use from Anadenanthera peregrina var. peregrina trees by hybrid marmosets Callithrix spp. groups was studied in five forest fragments in Viçosa, in the state of Minas, Brazil. Thirty-nine A. peregrina var. peregrina trees were examined and 8,765 active and non-active holes were analyzed. The trunk of A. peregrina var. peregrina had a lower number of holes than the canopy: 11% were found on the trunk and 89% were found on the canopy. The upper canopy was the preferred area by Callithrix spp. for obtaining exudates. The intensity of tree exploitation by marmosets showed a moderate-to-weak correlation with diameter at breast height (DBH) and total tree height. The overall results indicate that Anadenanthera peregrina var. peregrina provides food resources for hybrid marmosets (Callithrix spp.) and these animals prefer to explore this resource on the apical parts of the plant, where the thickness, location, and age of the branches are the main features involved in the acquisition of exudates.
绢毛猴属的狨猴专门通过用牙齿在树皮上钻孔来食用树液，以获取必需的营养资源。然而，狨猴对特定树种、位置、类型以及其他有助于获取树液的合适因素的偏好仍需进一步研究。在当前的研究中，对巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州维索萨市五个森林片段中杂种狨猴（Callithrix spp. 群体）对阔叶猴欢喜（Anadenanthera peregrina var. peregrina）树液的利用强度进行了研究。检查了39棵阔叶猴欢喜树，并分析了8765个活动和非活动的孔。阔叶猴欢喜树树干上的孔数比树冠上的少：11%的孔在树干上，89%的孔在树冠上。树冠上部是Callithrix spp. 获取树液的首选区域。狨猴对树木的利用强度与胸径（DBH）和树高呈中度至弱相关性。总体结果表明，阔叶猴欢喜为杂种狨猴（Callithrix spp.）提供食物资源，并且这些动物更喜欢在植物的顶端部分探索这种资源，在那里树枝的厚度、位置和年龄是获取树液的主要相关特征。
