Schiappacasse G, Aguirre J, Soffia P, Silva C S, Zilleruelo N
1 Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile.
Br J Radiol. 2015 Jan;88(1045):20140456. doi: 10.1259/bjr.20140456.
Horseshoe kidney (HSK) is the most common renal fusion anomaly, with a prevalence of 0.25% among the general population. It consists of kidney fusion across the midline. HSK can be present as an isolated condition in 30%, but there is a wide variety of associated abnormalities. The most frequent include ureteropelvic obstruction, lithiasis and infections. There is also a higher risk of kidney lesions in trauma and an increased incidence of malignancies. Awareness of embryology and anatomy is essential to assess and understand the complications affecting HSK. CT is an excellent method for identification of its main findings.
马蹄肾（HSK）是最常见的肾脏融合异常，在普通人群中的患病率为0.25%。它由跨越中线的肾脏融合组成。30%的马蹄肾可单独存在，但存在多种相关异常。最常见的包括输尿管肾盂梗阻、结石和感染。在创伤中发生肾脏病变的风险也更高，恶性肿瘤的发病率增加。了解胚胎学和解剖学对于评估和理解影响马蹄肾的并发症至关重要。CT是识别其主要表现的极佳方法。
