Wierda J M, Richardson F J, Agoston S
University Hospital, Institute for Anesthesiology, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Anesth Analg. 1989 Mar;68(3):208-13.
The dose-response of pipecuronium bromide, the time course of its neuromuscular blocking effects, and the reversibility of the residual block by neostigmine and edrophonium have been investigated in patients undergoing various types of anesthesia. The estimated doses of pipecuronium required for 95% depression of the twitch height were 44.6, 46.9, and 48.7 micrograms.kg-1 during anesthesia with nitrous oxide (65%) and isoflurane (group 1), halothane (group 2), or droperidol/fentanyl (group 3), respectively. The potentiating effects of the volatile anesthetics were reflected by the significant prolongation of the duration of both initial (50.0 +/- 4.3, 36.0 +/- 3.3, and 29.0 +/- 2.0 minutes) and maintenance doses (56.0 +/- 2.5, 49.5 +/- 3.3, and 41.2 +/- 1.6 minutes) of pipecuronium during anesthesia with nitrous oxide and isoflurane, halothane, or droperidol/fentanyl, respectively. Both edrophonium chloride (0.5 mg.kg-1) and neostigmine methylsulphate (40 micrograms.kg-1) promptly reversed the residual block induced by pipecuronium. No side effects attributable to pipecuronium were seen in this study.
在接受各种类型麻醉的患者中，研究了溴哌库溴铵的剂量反应、其神经肌肉阻滞作用的时间进程以及新斯的明和依酚氯铵对残余阻滞的逆转作用。在使用氧化亚氮（65%）和异氟烷麻醉期间（第1组）、氟烷麻醉期间（第2组）或氟哌利多/芬太尼麻醉期间（第3组），使颤搐高度抑制95%所需的溴哌库溴铵估计剂量分别为44.6、46.9和48.7微克·千克-1。挥发性麻醉药的增强作用表现为，在使用氧化亚氮和异氟烷、氟烷或氟哌利多/芬太尼麻醉期间，溴哌库溴铵初始剂量（分别为50.0±4.3、36.0±3.3和29.0±2.0分钟）和维持剂量（分别为56.0±2.5、49.5±3.3和41.2±1.6分钟）的持续时间均显著延长。氯化依酚氯铵（0.5毫克·千克-1）和甲基硫酸新斯的明（40微克·千克-1）均能迅速逆转溴哌库溴铵所致的残余阻滞。本研究中未观察到与溴哌库溴铵相关的副作用。
