Campbell Mel, Kung Hsing-Jien, Izumiya Yoshihiro
Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Viruses. 2014 Nov 4;6(11):4165-77. doi: 10.3390/v6114165.
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV/human herpesvirus 8) is a γ-herpesvirus linked to Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and two lymphoproliferative disorders, primary effusion lymphoma (PEL or body-cavity B-lymphoma [BCBL]) and a subset of Multicentric Castleman's Disease. During lytic growth, pervasive viral transcription generating a variety of transcripts with uncertain protein-coding potential has been described on a genome-wide scale in β- and γ-herpesviruses. One class of such RNAs is called long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). KSHV encodes a viral lncRNA known as polyadenylated nuclear RNA (PAN RNA), a copious early gene product. PAN RNA has been implicated in KSHV gene expression, replication, and immune modulation. PAN RNA expression is required for optimal expression of the entire KSHV lytic gene expression program. Latent KSHV episomes are coated with viral latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA). LANA rapidly dissociates from episomes during reactivation. Here we review recent studies suggesting that PAN RNA may function as a viral lncRNA, including a role in the facilitation of LANA-episomal dissociation during lytic replication.
卡波西肉瘤相关疱疹病毒（KSHV/人类疱疹病毒8型）是一种γ疱疹病毒，与卡波西肉瘤（KS）以及两种淋巴增殖性疾病相关，即原发性渗出性淋巴瘤（PEL或体腔B淋巴瘤[BCBL]）和多中心性Castleman病的一个亚型。在裂解生长期间，β和γ疱疹病毒在全基因组范围内描述了普遍存在的病毒转录，产生了多种具有不确定蛋白质编码潜力的转录本。这类RNA中的一类被称为长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）。KSHV编码一种病毒lncRNA，称为多聚腺苷酸化核RNA（PAN RNA），这是一种丰富的早期基因产物。PAN RNA与KSHV基因表达、复制和免疫调节有关。PAN RNA表达是整个KSHV裂解基因表达程序最佳表达所必需的。潜伏的KSHV附加体被病毒潜伏相关核抗原（LANA）覆盖。在重新激活期间，LANA会迅速从附加体上解离。在这里，我们综述了最近的研究，这些研究表明PAN RNA可能作为一种病毒lncRNA发挥作用，包括在裂解复制过程中促进LANA-附加体解离的作用。
