Department of Public Health, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, WHO Collaborating Centre for Traveller's Health, Zurich, Switzerland.
J Travel Med. 2015 Jan-Feb;22(1):1-12. doi: 10.1111/jtm.12171. Epub 2014 Nov 6.
Existing travel health guidelines are based on a variety of data with underpinning evidence ranging from high-quality randomized controlled trials to best estimates from expert opinion. For strategic guidance and to set overall priorities, data about average risk are useful. The World Health Organization (WHO) plans to base future editions of "International Travel and Health" on its new "Handbook for Guideline Development."
Based on a systematic search in PubMed, the existing evidence and quality of data on vaccine-preventable disease (VPD) risks in travelers was examined and essentials of vaccine efficacy were briefly reviewed. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework was used to evaluate the quality of the data.
Moderate-quality data to determine the risk of VPD exist on those that are frequently imported, whereas in most others the level of confidence with existing data is low or very low.
In order for the WHO to produce graded risk statements in the updated version of "International Travel and Health," major investment of time plus additional high-quality, generalizable risk data are needed.
现有的旅行健康指南是基于各种数据制定的，其基础证据的质量高低不一，既有高质量的随机对照试验，也有专家意见的最佳估计。为了进行战略指导和确定总体优先事项，了解平均风险的数据是有用的。世界卫生组织（WHO）计划将其新版“指南制定手册”作为未来版“国际旅行与健康”的基础。
基于对 PubMed 的系统检索，对旅行者可预防疫苗疾病（VPD）风险的现有证据和数据质量进行了检查，并简要回顾了疫苗功效的要点。使用推荐评估、制定与评价分级（GRADE）框架来评估数据的质量。
对于那些经常输入的 VPD，有中等质量的数据来确定 VPD 的风险，而对于大多数其他 VPD，现有数据的可信度水平较低或非常低。
为了让世界卫生组织在新版《国际旅行与健康》中制定分级风险声明，需要投入大量时间和更多高质量、可推广的风险数据。
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