Mississippi State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-6100; email:
Annu Rev Anim Biosci. 2014 Feb;2:445-68. doi: 10.1146/annurev-animal-022513-114122. Epub 2013 Oct 25.
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), particularly STEC O157, cause rare but potentially serious human infections. Infection with STEC occurs by fecal-oral transmission, most commonly through food. Cattle are the most important reservoir for human STEC exposure, and efforts to control the flow of STEC through beef processing have reduced rates of human illness. However, further reduction in human incidence of STEC may require control of the pathogen in cattle populations. The ecology of STEC in cattle production systems is complex and explained by factors that favor (a) colonization in the gut, (b) survival in the environment, and (c) ingestion by another cattle host. Although nature creates seasonal environmental conditions that do not favor STEC transmission in cattle, human efforts to control STEC by environmental manipulation have not succeeded. Vaccines and direct-fed microbial products have reduced the carriage of STEC by cattle, and other interventions are under investigation.
产志贺毒素大肠杆菌（STEC），特别是 STEC O157，会引起罕见但潜在严重的人类感染。STEC 通过粪-口途径传播，最常见的是通过食物。牛是人类接触 STEC 的最重要的储存宿主，控制牛肉加工过程中 STEC 的流动已经降低了人类患病的比率。然而，进一步降低人类 STEC 的发病率可能需要控制牛群中的病原体。STEC 在牛生产系统中的生态学是复杂的，可以用以下因素来解释：（a）在肠道中定植，（b）在环境中存活，以及（c）被另一个牛宿主摄入。尽管自然界创造了不有利于牛传播 STEC 的季节性环境条件，但人类通过环境操纵来控制 STEC 的努力并没有成功。疫苗和直接饲喂的微生物产品已经减少了牛携带 STEC 的数量，其他干预措施正在研究中。
