Vieira Edna Cunha, Peixoto Maria do Rosário Gondim, Silveira Erika Aparecida da
School of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2014 Dec;17(4):805-17. doi: 10.1590/1809-4503201400040001.
To evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with metabolic syndrome in the elderly.
Cross-sectional study, with 133 individuals randomly selected in the Unified Health System in Goiania, Goiás. The following variables were researched: anthropometric (BMI, waist circumference, fat percentage by Dual X-ray absorptiometry), sociodemographic (gender, age, color, income, marital status and years of schooling), lifestyle (physical activity, smoking and risk alcohol consumption) and food intake (risk and protective foods). The metabolic syndrome was assessed according to harmonized criteria proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO). The combinations were tested by Poisson regression for confounding factors.
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 58.65% (95%CI 49.8 - 67.1), with 60.5% (95%CI 49.01 - 71.18) for females and 55.7% (95%CI 41.33 - 69.53) for males. Hypertension was the most prevalent component of the syndrome in both men, with 80.8% (95%CI 64.5 - 90.4), and women, with 85.2% (95%CI 75.5 - 92.1). After the multivariate analysis, only the excess of weight measured by body mass index (prevalence ratio = 1.66; p < 0.01) remained associated with the metabolic syndrome.
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in this sample was high, indicating the need for systematic actions by health workers in the control of risk factors through prevention strategies and comprehensive care to the elderly.
评估老年人代谢综合征的患病率及相关因素。
采用横断面研究，在戈亚斯州戈亚尼亚市的统一卫生系统中随机选取133名个体。研究了以下变量：人体测量学指标（体重指数、腰围、双能X线吸收法测定的脂肪百分比）、社会人口统计学指标（性别、年龄、肤色、收入、婚姻状况和受教育年限）、生活方式（身体活动、吸烟和危险饮酒）以及食物摄入量（危险食物和保护性食物）。根据世界卫生组织（WHO）提出的统一标准评估代谢综合征。通过泊松回归检验各因素组合的混杂因素。
代谢综合征的患病率为58.65%（95%置信区间49.8 - 67.1），女性患病率为60.5%（95%置信区间49.01 - 71.18），男性患病率为55.7%（95%置信区间41.33 - 69.53）。高血压是该综合征在男性和女性中最常见的组成部分，男性患病率为80.8%（95%置信区间64.5 - 90.4），女性患病率为85.2%（95%置信区间75.5 - 92.1）。多变量分析后，只有体重指数测量的超重（患病率比值 = 1.66；p < 0.01）仍与代谢综合征相关。
该样本中代谢综合征的患病率较高，表明卫生工作者需要通过预防策略和对老年人的综合护理，系统地采取行动控制危险因素。
