Torres-Torres Ruben, Sanchez-Dalmau Bernardo F
Institut Clinic d'Oftalmologia (ICOF), Hospital Clinic. Seu Maternitat, Sabino d'Arana (s/n), 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
Curr Treat Options Neurol. 2015 Jan;17(1):328. doi: 10.1007/s11940-014-0328-z.
Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune demyelinating disorder of the nervous system, in which almost all patients develop some degree of visual impairment during the disease. Optic neuritis is the most common and known visual affection and may be the initial clinical disease manifestation, but visual complaints can have a wide variety of presentations and some of them can lead to clinical confusion. Most symptoms are the result of acute injury and subsequent axonal loss in the afferent and efferent visual pathway, but others may be consequences of treatments. Currently, we can tell the functional and anatomical damage caused by multiple sclerosis by visual function test, measurement of eye movements, electrophysiological testing, optical coherence tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. The purpose of this review is to describe the afferent and efferent visual symptoms associated with multiple sclerosis or multiple sclerosis treatment, and review the current and future therapeutic options available for them.
多发性硬化症是一种神经系统的自身免疫性脱髓鞘疾病，几乎所有患者在疾病过程中都会出现一定程度的视力损害。视神经炎是最常见且为人熟知的视觉病变，可能是最初的临床疾病表现，但视觉主诉可有多种形式，其中一些可能导致临床诊断困惑。大多数症状是传入和传出视觉通路急性损伤及随后轴突丢失的结果，但其他症状可能是治疗的后果。目前，我们可以通过视觉功能测试、眼球运动测量、电生理测试、光学相干断层扫描和磁共振成像来判断多发性硬化症所造成的功能和解剖损伤。这篇综述的目的是描述与多发性硬化症或多发性硬化症治疗相关的传入和传出视觉症状，并综述目前及未来针对这些症状的治疗选择。
