Rodrigues-Júnior Antonio Luiz, Ruffino-Netto Antonio, de Castilho Euclides Ayres
School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2014;17 Suppl 2:204-15. doi: 10.1590/1809-4503201400060017.
AIDS epidemic has given visibility to the incidence of tuberculosis, for being the most frequent opportunistic infection. It is known that individuals who are socially vulnerable are more susceptible to HIV transmission and tuberculosis as well.
This study aims to conduct a geoepidemiological study on HIV/AIDS, AIDS-Tuberculosis co-infection and social vulnerability.
This is an ecological study using incidence rates and the human development index to produce thematic maps and a descriptive analysis of epidemiology. The records of reported cases of HIV/AIDS from 1982 to 2007 were used, considering as cases of AIDS-Tuberculosis those records that were positively diagnosed with tuberculosis and those records with unknown diagnosis of tuberculosis, but showing compatible signs and symptoms with tuberculosis (fever, cough, cachexia and asthenia).
The maps allowed the identification of areas with social differences and different patterns of incidence of HIV/AIDS and AIDS-Tuberculosis; regional differences were similar to those found by Josué de Castro, in 1940; regions with higher human development index values also showed higher incidence HIV/AIDS and AIDS-Tuberculosis.
The prevention of HIV infection must be geographically specific, given socioeconomic and cultural differences. Although official records show decline in AIDS-TB co-infection, treatment of cases of HIV/AIDS should observe the occurrence of opportunistic diseases, which should be notified and/or updated.
艾滋病流行使结核病的发病率受到关注，因为它是最常见的机会性感染。众所周知，社会弱势群体更容易感染艾滋病毒和患结核病。
本研究旨在对艾滋病毒/艾滋病、艾滋病合并结核病感染和社会脆弱性进行地理流行病学研究。
这是一项生态研究，使用发病率和人类发展指数制作专题地图并进行流行病学描述性分析。使用了1982年至2007年报告的艾滋病毒/艾滋病病例记录，将那些确诊为结核病的记录以及那些结核病诊断不明但有与结核病相符的体征和症状（发热、咳嗽、恶病质和虚弱）的记录视为艾滋病合并结核病病例。
这些地图有助于识别存在社会差异以及艾滋病毒/艾滋病和艾滋病合并结核病发病率不同模式的地区；区域差异与若苏埃·德·卡斯特罗在1940年发现的相似；人类发展指数值较高的地区艾滋病毒/艾滋病和艾滋病合并结核病的发病率也较高。
鉴于社会经济和文化差异，艾滋病毒感染的预防必须因地制宜。尽管官方记录显示艾滋病合并结核病感染有所下降，但艾滋病毒/艾滋病病例的治疗应关注机会性疾病的发生情况，这些疾病应予以通报和/或更新。
