Hema Masarapu, Sreenivasulu Pothur, Patil Basavaprabhu L, Kumar P Lava, Reddy Dodla V R
Department of Virology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India.
Formerly Professor of Virology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India.
Adv Virus Res. 2014;90:431-505. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-801246-8.00009-3.
Diverse array of food legume crops (Fabaceae: Papilionoideae) have been adopted worldwide for their protein-rich seed. Choice of legumes and their importance vary in different parts of the world. The economically important legumes are severely affected by a range of virus diseases causing significant economic losses due to reduction in grain production, poor quality seed, and costs incurred in phytosanitation and disease control. The majority of the viruses infecting legumes are vectored by insects, and several of them are also seed transmitted, thus assuming importance in the quarantine and in the epidemiology. This review is focused on the economically important viruses of soybean, groundnut, common bean, cowpea, pigeonpea, mungbean, urdbean, chickpea, pea, faba bean, and lentil and begomovirus diseases of three minor tropical food legumes (hyacinth bean, horse gram, and lima bean). Aspects included are geographic distribution, impact on crop growth and yields, virus characteristics, diagnosis of causal viruses, disease epidemiology, and options for control. Effectiveness of selection and planting with virus-free seed, phytosanitation, manipulation of crop cultural and agronomic practices, control of virus vectors and host plant resistance, and potential of transgenic resistance for legume virus disease control are discussed.
多种食用豆类作物（豆科：蝶形花亚科）因其富含蛋白质的种子而在全球范围内被广泛种植。豆类的选择及其重要性在世界不同地区有所不同。经济上重要的豆类受到一系列病毒病的严重影响，这些病毒病由于谷物产量下降、种子质量差以及植物检疫和病害控制成本而导致重大经济损失。大多数感染豆类的病毒由昆虫传播，其中一些还通过种子传播，因此在检疫和流行病学方面具有重要意义。本综述重点关注大豆、花生、普通菜豆、豇豆、木豆、绿豆、黑绿豆、鹰嘴豆、豌豆、蚕豆和小扁豆等经济上重要的病毒，以及三种次要热带食用豆类（扁豆、黑豆和利马豆）的双生病毒病。所涵盖的方面包括地理分布、对作物生长和产量的影响、病毒特征、致病病毒的诊断、病害流行病学以及控制选项。讨论了选择和种植无病毒种子、植物检疫、作物栽培和农艺措施的调控、病毒传播媒介和寄主植物抗性的控制以及转基因抗性在豆类病毒病控制中的潜力的有效性。
