Matoba Yohei, Abiko Chieko, Ikeda Tatsuya, Aoki Yoko, Suzuki Yu, Yahagi Kazue, Matsuzaki Yoko, Itagaki Tsutomu, Katsushima Fumio, Katsushima Yuriko, Mizuta Katsumi
Department of Microbiology, Yamagata Prefectural Institute of Public Health.
Jpn J Infect Dis. 2015;68(2):138-41. doi: 10.7883/yoken.JJID.2014.266. Epub 2014 Nov 25.
The available literature on human coronaviruses (HCoVs) in Japan is limited to epidemiological studies conducted over a maximum of 1 year. We conducted a 4-year study of HCoVs by analyzing 4,342 respiratory specimens obtained in Yamagata, Japan, between January 2010 and December 2013. A pan-coronavirus reverse transcription-PCR screening assay was performed, and all HCoV-positive specimens were subsequently confirmed by sequencing of the PCR products. We detected in 332 (7.6%) HCoV strains during the study period, comprising 133 (3.1%) HCoV-NL63, 83 (1.9%) HCoV-HKU1, 78 (1.8%) HCoV-OC43, and 38 (0.9%) HCoV-229E strains. HCoV detection per year ranged from 3.5% to 9.7%. HCoVs were detected mainly in winter, with January (28.5%) and February (25.3%) 2011 and December 2012 (14.6%) being the only months in which HCoV-NL63 detection per month exceeded 10.0%. HCoV-HKU1 displayed clear biennial peaks in January (18.3%) and February (10.7%) 2010 and in February (18.8%) and March (14.7%) 2012. The peak detection of HCoV-OC43 was 13.6% in November 2010, while that of HCoV-229E was 10.8% in March 2013. Our results indicated that there may be annual variations in the circulation of individual HCoV strains. Further long-term surveillance is necessary to clarify HCoV prevalence and circulation patterns in Japan.
日本关于人类冠状病毒（HCoVs）的现有文献仅限于最长为期1年的流行病学研究。我们通过分析2010年1月至2013年12月期间在日本山形县采集的4342份呼吸道标本，对HCoVs进行了为期4年的研究。进行了全冠状病毒逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）筛查检测，随后通过对PCR产物进行测序，对所有HCoV阳性标本进行了确认。在研究期间，我们检测到332株（7.6%）HCoV毒株，其中包括133株（3.1%）HCoV-NL63、83株（1.9%）HCoV-HKU1、78株（1.8%）HCoV-OC43和38株（0.9%）HCoV-229E毒株。每年的HCoV检测率在3.5%至9.7%之间。HCoVs主要在冬季被检测到，2011年1月（28.5%）和2月（25.3%）以及2012年12月（14.6%）是仅有的每月HCoV-NL63检测率超过10.0%的月份。HCoV-HKU1在2010年1月（18.3%）和2月（10.7%）以及2012年2月（18.8%）和3月（14.7%）出现明显的两年一次的高峰。HCoV-OC43的最高检测率在2010年11月为13.6%，而HCoV-229E的最高检测率在2013年3月为10.8%。我们的结果表明，个别HCoV毒株的传播可能存在年度变化。有必要进行进一步的长期监测，以阐明日本HCoV的流行情况和传播模式。
