Montreal Heart Institute Adult Congenital Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Montreal Heart Institute Adult Congenital Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Can J Cardiol. 2014 Dec;30(12 Suppl):S410-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cjca.2014.07.749. Epub 2014 Sep 28.
Medical and surgical breakthroughs in the care of children born with heart defects have generated a growing population of adult survivors and spawned a new subspecialty of cardiology: adult congenital heart disease. The prevalence of adult congenital heart disease is escalating at a rampant rate, outpacing the relatively static prevalence of pediatric congenital heart disease, because adults now surpass children in numbers by a ratio of 2:1. As such, congenital heart disease can no longer be considered primarily a pediatric specialty. Most congenital heart defects are not curable and require lifelong specialized care. Health care systems worldwide are challenged to meet the unique needs of this increasingly complex patient population, including the development of supraregional centres of excellence to provide comprehensive and multidisciplinary specialized care. In this review, we explore the incidence and prevalence of congenital heart disease and their changing patterns, address organization and delivery of care, highlight the importance of appropriate training and dedicated research, summarize the high burden of health care resource utilization, and provide an overview of common issues encountered in adults with congenital heart disease.
医学和外科技术在治疗先天性心脏病患儿方面的突破，使越来越多的成年幸存者得以存活，并催生了心脏病学的一个新亚专科：成人先天性心脏病。成人先天性心脏病的患病率呈疯狂上升趋势，超过了儿童先天性心脏病相对稳定的患病率，因为现在成年人的数量是儿童的两倍。因此，先天性心脏病不能再被视为主要是儿科专业。大多数先天性心脏病无法治愈，需要终生的专业护理。全球的医疗保健系统都面临着满足这一日益复杂患者群体独特需求的挑战，包括建立超区域卓越中心，以提供全面和多学科的专业护理。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了先天性心脏病的发病率和患病率及其变化模式，讨论了护理的组织和提供方式，强调了适当培训和专门研究的重要性，总结了医疗资源利用的高负担，并概述了成人先天性心脏病患者常见的问题。
