Simoneit C, Burow E, Tenhagen B-A, Käsbohrer A
Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department Biological Safety, Unit Epidemiology, Zoonoses and Antimicrobial Resistance, Diedersdorfer Weg 1, 12277 Berlin, Germany.
Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department Biological Safety, Unit Epidemiology, Zoonoses and Antimicrobial Resistance, Diedersdorfer Weg 1, 12277 Berlin, Germany.
Prev Vet Med. 2015 Jan 1;118(1):1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2014.11.010. Epub 2014 Nov 20.
Antimicrobials play an important role in animal and human health care. It was the aim of this systematic review to assess the effects of oral administration of antimicrobials on the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Escherichia coli (E. coli) from chickens. Moreover, the effects of the administration of more than one antimicrobial and of different dosages were studied. Literature was searched in November 2012 from the electronic databases ISI Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus and a national literature database (DIMDI) as well as the database ProQuest LLC. The search was updated in March 2014. Original studies describing a treatment (A) and a control group of either non-treatment (C) or initial value (0) and determining AMR in E. coli at different sample points (SP) were included. The literature search resulted in 35 full text articles on the topic, seven (20%) of which contained sufficient information on the administered antimicrobial and the impact of treatment on AMR. Most papers described the use of more than one antimicrobial, several dosages, controls (non-treatment or pre-treatment) and measured AMR at different SPs leading to a total of 227 SPs on the impact of the use of antimicrobials on AMR in chickens. 74% of the SPs (168/227) described a higher AMR-rate in E. coli from treated animals than from controls. After the administration of a single antimicrobial, AMR increased at 72% of the SPs. Administration of more than one antimicrobial increased AMR at 82% of the SPs. Higher dosages were associated with similar or higher AMR rates. The limited number of studies for each antimicrobial agent and the high variability in the resistance effect call for more well designed studies on the impact of oral administration on AMR development and spread.
抗菌药物在动物和人类医疗保健中发挥着重要作用。本系统评价的目的是评估口服抗菌药物对鸡源大肠杆菌抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）发展的影响。此外，还研究了使用多种抗菌药物及不同剂量的影响。2012年11月在电子数据库ISI Web of Science、PubMed、Scopus和一个国家文献数据库（DIMDI）以及ProQuest LLC数据库中进行了文献检索。2014年3月更新了检索。纳入了描述治疗组（A）和非治疗对照组（C）或初始值（0）并在不同采样点（SP）测定大肠杆菌AMR的原始研究。文献检索得到35篇关于该主题的全文文章，其中7篇（20%）包含了关于所使用抗菌药物以及治疗对AMR影响的充分信息。大多数论文描述了使用多种抗菌药物、几种剂量、对照组（非治疗或预处理）并在不同采样点测量AMR，导致共有227个采样点涉及抗菌药物使用对鸡AMR的影响。74%的采样点（168/227）描述经治疗动物的大肠杆菌AMR率高于对照组。使用单一抗菌药物后，72%的采样点AMR增加。使用多种抗菌药物后，82%的采样点AMR增加。较高剂量与相似或更高的AMR率相关联。针对每种抗菌药物的研究数量有限，且耐药效应差异很大，因此需要开展更多设计良好的研究，以探讨口服给药对AMR发展和传播的影响。
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