Souglis Athanasios G, Papapanagiotou Angeliki, Bogdanis Gregory C, Travlos Antonis K, Apostolidis Nikolaos G, Geladas Nikolaos D
1School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Athens, Athens, Greece; 2Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece; and 3Department of Sport Organization and Management, University of Peloponnese, Peloponnese, Greece.
J Strength Cond Res. 2015 May;29(5):1227-33. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000767.
The aim of this study was to compare the inflammatory responses between male and female soccer players for a period of 48 hours after an official match. Blood samples were taken from 83 subjects (22 elite male and 21 elite female soccer players and 20 male and 20 female inactive individuals) in the morning of the game day, immediately after the soccer game and 24 and 48 hours after the match. Average relative exercise intensity during the match was similar in male and female players, as indicated by mean heart rate that was 86.9 ± 4.3 and 85.6 ± 2.3% of maximal heart rate (p = 0.23), respectively. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) increased 2- to 4-fold above resting values, peaking immediately after the match. C-reactive protein (CRP) and creatine kinase peaked 24 hours after the match. Interleukin 6, CRP, and creatine kinase responses were similar in male and female players, but the peak in TNF-α was 18% higher in male players. Interleukin 6, TNF-α, and CRP at rest were lower in male and female players compared with the control subjects, suggesting a protective effect of regular exercise training regarding the inflammatory profile. The results of this study show that a soccer match induces significant inflammatory responses in both male and female players, with only TNF-α peak values being lower in females. Because of the effects of inflammatory responses on performance and health of the players, it is suggested that coaches and trainers should adjust exercise training programs after a match to promote recovery and protect the athletes' health.
本研究的目的是比较男女足球运动员在正式比赛后48小时内的炎症反应。在比赛日上午、足球比赛结束后即刻、比赛后24小时和48小时，从83名受试者（22名精英男性足球运动员、21名精英女性足球运动员以及20名男性和20名女性非运动员个体）采集血样。比赛期间男女运动员的平均相对运动强度相似，平均心率分别为最大心率的86.9±4.3%和85.6±2.3%，表明了这一点（p = 0.23）。白细胞介素6（IL - 6）和肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF -α）比静息值升高了2至4倍，在比赛结束后即刻达到峰值。C反应蛋白（CRP）和肌酸激酶在比赛后24小时达到峰值。男女运动员的白细胞介素6、CRP和肌酸激酶反应相似，但男性运动员的TNF -α峰值高18%。与对照组相比，男女运动员静息时的白细胞介素6、TNF -α和CRP较低，表明定期运动训练对炎症指标有保护作用。本研究结果表明，足球比赛在男女运动员中均引发显著的炎症反应，仅女性的TNF -α峰值较低。鉴于炎症反应对运动员表现和健康的影响，建议教练和训练师在比赛后调整运动训练计划，以促进恢复并保护运动员的健康。
