Georgiadis Panagiotis, Thomakos Pierros, Smilios Ilias, Papapanagiotou Angeliki, Evaggelatou Anastasia, Bogdanis Gregory C
Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece.
School of Physical Education and Sports Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 17237 Dafne, Greece.
J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2025 Aug 14;10(3):314. doi: 10.3390/jfmk10030314.
: We examined changes in hematological, biochemical, and hormonal biomarkers, along with endurance and explosive performance indices, in amateur soccer players over a 4-week preseason period. : Thirteen players (age: 19.7 ± 2.0 years; body mass: 73.0 ± 6.8 kg; height: 180 ± 0.1 cm; body fat: 8.6 ± 3.5%) were monitored during a 4-week preseason program, which included 21 training days, three friendly matches, and four days of rest. Before and after this period, endurance capacity was evaluated using the Yo-Yo IR1 test, and leg power was assessed using the CMJ. Blood samples were collected for three consecutive days in week 1 and after week 4 to assess hematological and biochemical parameters. Internal load during all weeks was assessed with session RPE (sRPE). : There was a 25.5% increase in Yo-Yo IR1 distance (2123 ± 413 vs. 1560 ± 356 m, = 0.002), with the estimated VOmax and the speed associated with VOmax (vVOmax) improving by 8.7% (49.5 ± 3.0 to 54.2 ± 3.5 mL/kg/min, = 0.002) and 5.3% (16.0 ± 0.7 to 16.9 ± 0.6 km/h, = 0.002), respectively. In contrast, CMJ performance in weeks 2-4 declined by 13.4-21.0% relative to baseline, while sRPE peaked during week 3 (4011 ± 440 AU). Hematological variables were mostly stable except for small increases in MCV and MCH (1.5-1.8%, < 0.001), while there were significant reductions in urea (12%), uric acid (6.2%), and erythropoietin (33%). : A 4-week preseason program substantially improved aerobic capacity yet compromised leg power. Changes in biomarker profiles suggest that the training load maintained an appropriate balance between overload and recovery. These findings provide valuable guidance for coaches seeking to optimize training protocols while minimizing the risk of overtraining and preventing injuries during the competitive season.
我们研究了业余足球运动员在为期4周的季前赛期间血液学、生化和激素生物标志物的变化，以及耐力和爆发力表现指标。13名球员（年龄：19.7±2.0岁；体重：73.0±6.8千克；身高：180±0.1厘米；体脂：8.6±3.5%）在为期4周的季前赛计划中接受监测，该计划包括21天训练、三场友谊赛和四天休息。在此期间前后，使用Yo-Yo IR1测试评估耐力，使用纵跳（CMJ）评估腿部力量。在第1周连续三天以及第4周后采集血样，以评估血液学和生化参数。使用训练课主观用力程度（sRPE）评估所有周的内部负荷。Yo-Yo IR1测试距离增加了25.5%（2123±413米对1560±356米，P = 0.002），估计最大摄氧量（VOmax）和与VOmax相关的速度（vVOmax）分别提高了8.7%（49.5±3.0至54.2±3.5毫升/千克/分钟，P = 0.002）和5.3%（16.0±0.7至16.9±0.6千米/小时，P = 0.002）。相比之下，第2 - 4周的CMJ表现相对于基线下降了
