Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
J Pediatr. 2015 Jan;166(1):109-14. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2014.09.032. Epub 2014 Oct 25.
To evaluate pedestrian behavior, including reaction time, impulsivity, risk-taking, attention, and decision-making, in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) compared with healthy controls.
Using a case control design, 8- to 16-year-olds (n = 60) with newly diagnosed and untreated OSAS engaged in a virtual reality pedestrian environment. Sixty-one healthy children matched using a yoke-control procedure by age, race, sex, and household income served as controls.
Children with OSAS were riskier pedestrians than healthy children of the same age, race, and sex. Children with OSAS waited less time to cross (P < .01). The groups did not differ in looking at oncoming traffic or taking longer to decide to cross.
Results suggest OSAS may have significant consequences on children's daytime functioning in a critical domain of personal safety, pedestrian skills. Children with OSAS appeared to have greater impulsivity when crossing streets. Results highlight the need for heightened awareness of the consequences of untreated sleep disorders and identify a possible target for pediatric injury prevention.
评估阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）患儿与健康对照组相比的行人行为，包括反应时间、冲动性、冒险行为、注意力和决策能力。
采用病例对照设计，8 至 16 岁（n = 60）新诊断和未经治疗的 OSAS 患儿参与虚拟现实行人环境。61 名健康儿童通过年龄、种族、性别和家庭收入的轭控制程序进行匹配，作为对照组。
与同龄、同种族和同性别健康儿童相比，OSAS 患儿是更危险的行人。OSAS 患儿等待过马路的时间更短（P <.01）。两组在观察迎面而来的车辆或花更长时间决定过马路方面没有差异。
结果表明，OSAS 可能对儿童在个人安全这一关键领域的白天功能产生重大影响，尤其是在行人技能方面。OSAS 患儿在过马路时似乎更冲动。研究结果强调了需要提高对未经治疗的睡眠障碍后果的认识，并确定了儿科伤害预防的一个可能目标。
