Bernárdez C, Molina-Ruiz A M, Requena L
Servicio de Dermatología, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España.
Servicio de Dermatología, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España.
Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2015 Apr;106(3):158-67. doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2014.07.006. Epub 2014 Oct 25.
The diagnosis of disorders of the hair and scalp can generally be made on clinical grounds, but clinical signs are not always diagnostic and in some cases more invasive techniques, such as a biopsy, may be necessary. This 2-part article is a detailed review of the histologic features of the main types of alopecia based on the traditional classification of these disorders into 2 major groups: scarring and nonscarring alopecias. Scarring alopecias are disorders in which the hair follicle is replaced by fibrous scar tissue, a process that leads to permanent hair loss. In nonscarring alopecias, the follicles are preserved and hair growth can resume when the cause of the problem is eliminated. In the first part of this review, we describe the histologic features of the main forms of nonscarring alopecia. Since a close clinical-pathological correlation is essential for making a correct histologic diagnosis of alopecia, we also include a brief description of the clinical features of the principal forms of this disorder.
毛发和头皮疾病的诊断通常可基于临床依据做出，但临床体征并不总是具有诊断性，在某些情况下可能需要更具侵入性的技术，如活检。这篇分两部分的文章是对主要脱发类型组织学特征的详细综述，这些疾病基于传统分类分为两大组：瘢痕性脱发和非瘢痕性脱发。瘢痕性脱发是指毛囊被纤维瘢痕组织替代的疾病，这一过程会导致永久性脱发。在非瘢痕性脱发中，毛囊得以保留，当问题的病因消除后头发生长可以恢复。在本综述的第一部分，我们描述了非瘢痕性脱发主要类型的组织学特征。由于紧密的临床 - 病理相关性对于正确做出脱发的组织学诊断至关重要，我们还简要描述了该疾病主要类型的临床特征。
