Zompatori Maurizio, Ciccarese Federica, Fasano Luca
Radiology Unit, Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Dept, University Hospital S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy. Pneumology and Intensive Respiratory Care Unit, Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Dept, University Hospital S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
Radiology Unit, Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Dept, University Hospital S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy. Pneumology and Intensive Respiratory Care Unit, Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Dept, University Hospital S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy.
Eur Respir Rev. 2014 Dec;23(134):519-30. doi: 10.1183/09059180.00001314.
Imaging plays a key role in the diagnosis and follow-up of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Chest radiography, bedside lung ultrasonography and computed tomography scans can provide useful information for the management of patients and detection of prognostic factors. However, imaging findings are not specific and several possible differential diagnoses should be taken into account. Herein we will review the role of radiological techniques in ARDS, highlight the plain radiological and computed tomography findings according to the pathological stage of the disease (exudative, inflammatory and fibroproliferative), and summarise the main points for the differential diagnosis with cardiogenic oedema, which is still challenging in the acute stage.
影像学在急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）的诊断及随访中发挥着关键作用。胸部X线摄影、床旁肺部超声检查及计算机断层扫描可为患者的治疗及预后因素的检测提供有用信息。然而，影像学表现并不具有特异性，应考虑多种可能的鉴别诊断。在此，我们将回顾放射学技术在ARDS中的作用，根据疾病的病理阶段（渗出期、炎症期和纤维增殖期）突出X线平片及计算机断层扫描的表现，并总结与心源性肺水肿进行鉴别诊断的要点，心源性肺水肿在急性期的鉴别诊断仍具有挑战性。
