WHO Global Specialized Polio Laboratory, Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama-shi, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan.
Vaccine. 2016 Apr 7;34(16):1975-85. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.11.015. Epub 2014 Nov 21.
During the endgame of global polio eradication, the universal introduction of inactivated poliovirus vaccines is urgently required to reduce the risk of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis and polio outbreaks due to wild and vaccine-derived polioviruses. In particular, the development of inactivated poliovirus vaccines (IPVs) derived from the attenuated Sabin strains is considered to be a highly favorable option for the production of novel IPV that reduce the risk of facility-acquired transmission of poliovirus to the communities. In Japan, Sabin-derived IPVs (sIPVs) have been developed and introduced for routine immunization in November 2012. They are the first licensed sIPVs in the world. Consequently, trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine was used for polio control in Japan for more than half a century but has now been removed from the list of vaccines licensed for routine immunization. This paper reviews the development, introduction, characterization, and global status of IPV derived from attenuated Sabin strains.
在全球消灭脊灰炎行动的末期，迫切需要普及使用灭活脊灰炎病毒疫苗，以降低因野生和疫苗衍生脊灰炎病毒而导致的疫苗相关麻痹性脊灰炎和脊灰炎爆发的风险。特别是，开发源自减毒沙宾株的灭活脊灰炎病毒疫苗（IPV）被认为是生产新型 IPV 的一个非常有利的选择，可降低病毒在设施中向社区传播的风险。在日本，源自沙宾株的 IPV（sIPV）已于 2012 年 11 月开发并引入常规免疫接种。它们是世界上首批获得许可的 sIPV。因此，用于脊灰炎控制的三价口服脊灰炎病毒疫苗在日本使用了半个多世纪，但现已从常规免疫接种许可疫苗名单中删除。本文综述了源自减毒沙宾株的 IPV 的开发、引入、特性和全球状况。
