Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria 3000, Australia.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria 3000, Australia.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2015 Feb;23:73-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2014.11.005. Epub 2014 Nov 25.
Many bacterial pathogens have the ability to manipulate cellular processes and interfere with host cell function through the translocation of bacterial 'effector' proteins. Dedicated protein secretion machines from Gram-negative pathogens, including type III, type IV and type VI secretion systems, inject virulence proteins into infected cells, altering normal cell physiology, including cell structure, metabolism, trafficking and signalling. While effectors were once thought to exert an effect simply by their localization and binding to host cell proteins, increasingly effectors are being recognised as enzymes, in some cases mediating highly novel post-translational modifications on host proteins. Here we highlight some of the more unusual activities of translocated effectors from enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and Legionella pneumophila.
许多细菌病原体能够通过细菌“效应”蛋白的易位来操纵细胞过程并干扰宿主细胞功能。革兰氏阴性病原体（包括 III 型、IV 型和 VI 型分泌系统）的专用蛋白分泌机器将毒力蛋白注入感染细胞，改变正常的细胞生理学，包括细胞结构、代谢、运输和信号转导。虽然效应蛋白曾经被认为仅仅通过它们的定位和与宿主细胞蛋白的结合来发挥作用，但越来越多的效应蛋白被认为是酶，在某些情况下介导宿主蛋白上高度新颖的翻译后修饰。在这里，我们将重点介绍来自肠致病性大肠杆菌和嗜肺军团菌的易位效应蛋白的一些更不寻常的活性。
