生物炭减少了溶解有机碳，但与在巴西甘蔗土中施用酒糟相比，生物炭并没有减少硝酸盐淋失。
Biochar decreases dissolved organic carbon but not nitrate leaching in relation to vinasse application in a Brazilian sugarcane soil.
机构信息
Institute for Resources, Environment, and Sustainability, 2202 Main Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Institute for Resources, Environment, and Sustainability, 2202 Main Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada.
出版信息
J Environ Manage. 2015 Feb 1;149:9-16. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.09.033. Epub 2014 Oct 17.
OBJECTIVES
Sugarcane cultivation is associated with catchment-wide impacts related to application of vinasse, a nutrient-dense effluent with high eutrophication potential. We evaluated the potential for biochar (charcoal produced from pyrolyzed filtercake) to mitigate carbon and nutrient leaching in a cultivated Brazilian Ferralsol after vinasse application.
METHODS
Twelve soil columns (soil alone [S], soil with vinasse [SV], soil with vinasse and biochar [SVB], and soil with biochar [SB]) were flushed with water and then treated with water or vinasse. Samples collected via vacuum filtration were examined via UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy.
RESULTS
Biochar attenuated dissolved organic carbon (DOC) leaching in soil (S vs. SB) as well as in relation to vinasse application (SV vs. SVB). Biochar-amended soil preferentially retained high-molecular weight, humic-like DOC species, as revealed by fluorescence spectroscopy and optical indices, but did not retain low-weight amino acid-like species. Vinasse application also increased total NO3(-) flux, which may have been exacerbated by biochar co-application.
CONCLUSIONS
Vinasse treatment strongly affects carbon and NO3(-) fluxes in this tropical soil. Biochar attenuated DOC leaching, likely through stabilization of complex compounds already present in soil, but did not lessen NO3(-) fluxes. Thus, biochar amendments in vinasse application areas may decrease carbon leaching.
目的
甘蔗种植会对流域范围内的环境产生影响，这与使用酒糟有关，酒糟是一种营养丰富、富营养化潜力高的废水。我们评估了生物炭（由热解滤饼制成的木炭）在巴西 Ferralsol 土壤中应用酒糟后减少碳和养分淋失的潜力。
方法
用十二根土壤柱（仅土壤[S]、有酒糟的土壤[SV]、有酒糟和生物炭的土壤[SVB]和有生物炭的土壤[SB]）进行冲洗，然后用清水或酒糟处理。通过真空过滤收集的样品通过紫外可见和荧光光谱进行检查。
结果
生物炭减少了土壤（S 与 SB）以及酒糟应用（SV 与 SVB）中溶解有机碳（DOC）的淋失。荧光光谱和光学指数表明，生物炭处理过的土壤优先保留了高分子量、类腐殖质的 DOC 物质，但不保留低分子量的氨基酸样物质。酒糟的应用也增加了总硝态氮（NO3(-)）通量，而生物炭的共同应用可能加剧了这种情况。
结论
酒糟处理强烈影响了这种热带土壤中的碳和硝态氮通量。生物炭减少了 DOC 的淋失，可能是通过稳定土壤中已经存在的复杂化合物，但并没有减少硝态氮的通量。因此，在酒糟应用区进行生物炭改良可能会减少碳的淋失。
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