School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, EPGL, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, EPGL, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland; Université de Toulouse, UPS, UMR 152 Pharma-DEV, Institut de Recherche et Développement (IRD), Université Toulouse 3, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, F-31062 Toulouse cedex 09, France.
J Chromatogr A. 2015 Feb 20;1382:136-64. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.10.091. Epub 2014 Oct 31.
Metabolite profiling is critical in many aspects of the life sciences, particularly natural product research. Obtaining precise information on the chemical composition of complex natural extracts (metabolomes) that are primarily obtained from plants or microorganisms is a challenging task that requires sophisticated, advanced analytical methods. In this respect, significant advances in hyphenated chromatographic techniques (LC-MS, GC-MS and LC-NMR in particular), as well as data mining and processing methods, have occurred over the last decade. Together, these tools, in combination with bioassay profiling methods, serve an important role in metabolomics for the purposes of both peak annotation and dereplication in natural product research. In this review, a survey of the techniques that are used for generic and comprehensive profiling of secondary metabolites in natural extracts is provided. The various approaches (chromatographic methods: LC-MS, GC-MS, and LC-NMR and direct spectroscopic methods: NMR and DIMS) are discussed with respect to their resolution and sensitivity for extract profiling. In addition the structural information that can be generated through these techniques or in combination, is compared in relation to the identification of metabolites in complex mixtures. Analytical strategies with applications to natural extracts and novel methods that have strong potential, regardless of how often they are used, are discussed with respect to their potential applications and future trends.
代谢物分析在生命科学的许多方面都至关重要，特别是在天然产物研究方面。获取关于主要从植物或微生物中获得的复杂天然提取物（代谢组）的化学成分的精确信息是一项具有挑战性的任务，需要复杂的先进分析方法。在这方面，过去十年中，特别是在 LC-MS、GC-MS 和 LC-NMR 等联用色谱技术以及数据挖掘和处理方法方面取得了重大进展。这些工具与生物测定分析方法一起，在代谢组学中对于天然产物研究中的峰注释和去重具有重要作用。在这篇综述中，提供了一种用于天然提取物中次生代谢物通用和全面分析的技术综述。讨论了各种方法（色谱方法：LC-MS、GC-MS 和 LC-NMR 和直接光谱方法：NMR 和 DIMS），分别讨论了它们在提取物分析方面的分辨率和灵敏度。此外，还比较了通过这些技术或组合产生的结构信息与复杂混合物中代谢物的鉴定。讨论了应用于天然提取物的分析策略和具有强大潜力的新方法，无论它们使用的频率如何，都讨论了它们的潜在应用和未来趋势。
