Faam Bita, Ghaffari Mohammad Ali, Ghadiri Ata, Azizi Fereidoun
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Tehran, Iran.
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran, Iran.
Biomed Rep. 2015 Jan;3(1):3-8. doi: 10.3892/br.2014.375. Epub 2014 Nov 3.
Thyroid carcinoma is the most common endocrine malignancy of the endocrine organs, and its incidence rate has steadily increased over the last decade. Over 95% of thyroid carcinoma is derived from follicular cells that have a spectrum of differentiation to the most invasive malignancy. The molecular pathogenesis of thyroid cancer remains to be clarified, although activating the and oncogenes have been well characterized. Increasing evidence from previous studies demonstrates that acquired epigenetic abnormalities participating with genetic alteration results in altered patterns of gene expression/function. Aberrant DNA methylation has been established in the CpG regions and microRNAs (miRNAs) expression profile recognized in cancer development. In the present review, a literature review was performed using MEDLINE and PubMed with the terms 'epigenetic patterns in thyroid cancer [or papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), medullary thyroid cancer (MTC), anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC)]', 'DNA methylation in thyroid cancer (or PTC, FTC, MTC, ATC)', 'miRNA expression in thyroid cancer (or PTC, FTC, MTC, ATC)', 'epigenetic patterns in cancer' and the current understanding of epigenetic patterns in thyroid cancer was discussed.
甲状腺癌是内分泌器官中最常见的内分泌恶性肿瘤,在过去十年中其发病率稳步上升。超过95%的甲状腺癌起源于具有不同分化程度的滤泡细胞,直至发展为侵袭性最强的恶性肿瘤。尽管甲状腺癌中激活的原癌基因和致癌基因已得到充分研究,但其分子发病机制仍有待阐明。以往研究的越来越多证据表明,获得性表观遗传异常与基因改变共同作用,导致基因表达/功能模式改变。在癌症发展过程中,已证实CpG区域存在异常DNA甲基化以及存在特定的微小RNA(miRNA)表达谱。在本综述中,我们使用MEDLINE和PubMed数据库,以“甲状腺癌[或乳头状甲状腺癌(PTC)、滤泡状甲状腺癌(FTC)、髓样甲状腺癌(MTC)、未分化甲状腺癌(ATC)]的表观遗传模式”、“甲状腺癌(或PTC、FTC、MTC、ATC)中的DNA甲基化”、“甲状腺癌(或PTC、FTC、MTC、ATC)中的miRNA表达”、“癌症中的表观遗传模式”等为检索词进行文献综述,并讨论了目前对甲状腺癌表观遗传模式的理解。