Silva Laura Nunes, Trentin Danielle da Silva, Zimmer Karine Rigon, Treter Janine, Brandelli Clara Lia Costa, Frasson Amanda Piccoli, Tasca Tiana, da Silva Alexandre Gomes, da Silva Márcia Vanusa, Macedo Alexandre José
Centro de Biotecnologia do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil .
Pharm Biol. 2015 Mar;53(3):464-8. doi: 10.3109/13880209.2014.922587. Epub 2014 Dec 4.
The local communities living in the Brazilian Caatinga biome have a significant body of traditional knowledge on a considerable number of medicinal plants used to heal several maladies.
Based on ethnopharmacological data, this study screened 23 aqueous plant extracts against two well-known models of biofilm-forming bacteria: Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Crystal violet assay and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to evaluate the effect of extracts on biofilm formation and measurements of the absorbance at 600 nm to assess bacterial growth. Selected extracts were investigated regarding the cytotoxicity by MTT assay using mammal cells and the qualitative phytochemical fingerprint by thin layer chromatography.
Harpochilus neesianus Mart. ex Nees. (Acanthaceae) leaves, Apuleia leiocarpa Vogel J. F. Macbr. (Fabaceae), and Poincianella microphylla Mart. ex G. Don L. P. Queiroz (Fabaceae) fruits showed non-biocidal antibiofilm action against S. epidermidis with activities of 69, 52, and 63%, respectively. SEM confirmed that biofilm structure was strongly prevented and that extracts promoted overproduction of the matrix and/or bacterial morphology modification. Poincianella microphylla demonstrated toxicity at 4.0 mg/mL and 2.0 mg/mL, A. leiocarpa presented toxicity only at 4.0 mg/mL, whereas H. neesianus presented the absence of toxicity against Vero cell line. Preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, amines, and polyphenols.
This work provides a scientific basis which may justify the ethnopharmacological use of the plants herein studied, indicating extracts that possess limited mammal cytotoxicity in vitro and a high potential as a source of antibiofilm drugs prototypes.
生活在巴西卡廷加生物群落的当地社区拥有大量关于多种药用植物的传统知识，这些植物被用于治疗多种疾病。
基于民族药理学数据，本研究筛选了23种植物水提取物对两种著名的生物膜形成细菌模型：表皮葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌的作用。
采用结晶紫测定法和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）评估提取物对生物膜形成的影响，并通过在600nm处测量吸光度来评估细菌生长。使用哺乳动物细胞通过MTT法研究选定提取物的细胞毒性，并通过薄层色谱法进行定性植物化学指纹分析。
哈氏爵床（爵床科）叶、光荚含羞草（豆科）和小叶球花豆（豆科）果实对表皮葡萄球菌显示出非杀菌性抗生物膜作用，活性分别为69%、52%和63%。扫描电子显微镜证实生物膜结构受到强烈抑制，提取物促进了基质的过量产生和/或细菌形态改变。小叶球花豆在4.0mg/mL和2.0mg/mL时表现出毒性，光荚含羞草仅在4.0mg/mL时表现出毒性，而哈氏爵床对Vero细胞系无毒性。初步植物化学分析显示存在黄酮类、萜类、甾体、胺类和多酚类。
本研究为本文所研究植物的民族药理学应用提供了科学依据，表明提取物在体外对哺乳动物细胞毒性有限，具有作为抗生物膜药物原型来源的巨大潜力。
