Eusanio Jacqueline, Thomson Paula, Jaque S Victoria
Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of California State University, and Los Angeles Pierce College, Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, California 91330, USA.
California State University, Northridge, USA; York University.
J Dance Med Sci. 2014;18(3):106-14. doi: 10.12678/1089-313X.18.3.106.
Perfectionism has been linked to various forms of physiological and psychological maladjustment. This study examined the inter-relationships between multi-dimensional aspects of perfectionism (self-oriented, other-oriented, and socially prescribed), internalized shame, and total self-concept in elite dancers (N = 24) as compared to a control group of healthy, active non-dancers (N = 23). All participants completed psychometric self-report measures targeting the variables of interest. Multivariate analysis of covariance (gender as covariate) indicated that the dancers had higher levels of self-oriented perfectionism than the control group. Building on the findings of Ashby, Rice, and Martin, we examined a model in which dancers' shame mediates the relationship between maladaptive aspects of perfectionism and self-concept. Analysis revealed internalized shame to fully mediate the relationship between dancers' socially prescribed perfectionism and total self-concept; however, shame did not mediate self-concept in the control group. We conclude that dancers would benefit from programs that enhance self-esteem and reduce the negative effects of internalized shame and self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism.
完美主义与各种形式的生理和心理失调有关。本研究考察了精英舞者（N = 24）与健康、活跃的非舞者对照组（N = 23）相比，完美主义的多维度方面（自我导向、他人导向和社会规定）、内化羞耻感和整体自我概念之间的相互关系。所有参与者都完成了针对相关变量的心理测量自我报告量表。协方差多元分析（以性别作为协变量）表明，舞者的自我导向完美主义水平高于对照组。基于阿什比、赖斯和马丁的研究结果，我们考察了一个模型，其中舞者的羞耻感介导了完美主义的适应不良方面与自我概念之间的关系。分析表明，内化羞耻感完全介导了舞者的社会规定完美主义与整体自我概念之间的关系；然而，在对照组中，羞耻感并未介导自我概念。我们得出结论，舞者将受益于能够增强自尊并减少内化羞耻感以及自我导向和社会规定完美主义负面影响的项目。
